麦卡伦（Macallan）酒厂绿色屋顶与苏格兰式景观
Macallan Distillery green roof blends in with the Scottish Landscape

由专筑网pilewyj，李韧编译

2018年6月2日开放的麦卡伦酒厂（Macallan Distillery）是一座引人注目的现代风格建筑，建筑外立面斜切深入地面。设计者希望从古老的苏格兰小山上挖掘出它的历史轨迹，然后最大限度地表达建筑美感，同时也尽量减少对自然景观空间的视觉冲击。该项目已被列为“绝佳景观价值区（Area of Great Landscape Value）”。

这是Speyside的第一座酒厂，由国际知名建筑事务所Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners设计，他们在国际竞标后被选为该项目的设计人员。植被所覆盖的山峰上下起伏，这里也是游客的活动区域，该设计以自然斜坡为背景，参考了古代苏格兰土方工程的模式。

Set to open on June 2, 2018 the Macallan Distillery is a striking piece of contemporary architecture is cut into the slope of the land, taking its cues from ancient Scottish hills and maximising the aesthetic beauty of the building whilst minimising the visual impact on the Speyside landscape, which has been classified as an ‘Area of Great Landscape Value’.
It is the first distillery on Speyside to be designed by an internationally acclaimed architect, Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners, who were selected to lead the project after an international competition. Grass-covered peaks rise and fall from The Macallan estate grounds, signalling to approaching visitors the activities housed beneath. Set into the naturally sloping contours of the site, the design makes direct references to ancient Scottish earthworks.

麦卡伦酒厂的设计需要建筑师对地形有着巧妙的把控，从而表达建筑形式和景观视野，但是建筑的人工痕迹又不宜过于强烈。因为在大尺度的景观环境中，建筑师应当让空间保持流动与韵律感，同时也应该注重参观者的游览体验。

The Macallan as the buildings that make up the distillery and so a subtle manipulation of the terrain to reveal the built form and control views without appearing forced or overtly grand. The great 18th century garden designers knew the importance of flow and movement in a large landscape; that parks should be experienced on a meandering journey.

波浪形木屋顶结构较为复杂，其中包括380000个独立构件。每个梁架、及其结构交界处都有特定的名称，并且该结构已经在超过160种不同的负载条件下进行测试，同时通过“瑞士高山设计规范（The Swiss Alpine Design code）”来检验风雪和冰对复杂结构的影响。
  
The undulating timber roof structure is one of the most complicated timber roof structures in the world, comprising 380,000 individual components. Each junction and beam has a specific name and has been tested in over 160 different load conditions while ‘The Swiss Alpine Design code’ has been used to understand the effects of wind, snow and ice on the intricate structure.

该项目于2012年启动，于2014年12月开始建造。去年十二月，第一杯威士忌制作完成，游客体验活动在6月2日向公众开放。预计第一年访客人数将翻一番，此后该数目还将继续上升。

The project was announced in 2012 and the build began in December 2014. The first whisky ran through the stills in December last year and the visitor experience will open its doors to the public on 2nd June. It is expected that visitor numbers will double in the first year and continue to rise thereafter.

在该项目中，建筑师运用了诸如当地石材、木材和草甸等天然材料，其景观设计也贴近自然，这不仅为威士忌生产提供了所需的环境，同时也为游客带来极佳的旅行体验。为使室内环境更为完善，许多专业人士也接受委托至此担当顾问，其中包括Atelier Bruckner、Concept Bars和MODO +。

Graham Stirk是Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners事务所的高级合伙人和项目主创建筑师，他评论说：“麦卡伦庄园真的是一个特殊的场所，一个受人热爱和尊重的场所。我们的目标看似雄心勃勃，但这使我们能够挑战自己的思维，创造出如此戏剧性和令人敬畏的作品。我们很荣幸能为麦卡伦的发展做出贡献。”

Robertson与25个承包商团队共同合作，使新的酒厂更好地让游客拥有理想体验感受。在施工期间，现场雇用了400人，专门从事超过20种不同行业的工作。

Natural materials – local stone, timber and the living meadow roof – as well as the landscaping design not only evoke the environment and ingredients of whisky production but also serve to provide an atmospheric journey for the visitor. A number of specialist consultants were appointed to support the interior fit out including Atelier Bruckner, Concept Bars and Modo+.
Graham Stirk, Senior Partner and Lead Architect, Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners commented: “The Macallan estate truly is a special place; a place we have come to love and respect hugely. The vision was always ambitious but this enabled us to challenge our own thinking to create something so dramatic and awe-inspiring. It has been an honour to play our part in shaping the next chapter for The Macallan.”
Robertson delivered the complex architectural design, working with 25 contractors to bring the vision for the new distillery and visitor experience to life. During construction, up to 400 people specialising in more than 20 different trades were employed on site.


建筑设计｜Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners
承包商｜Robertson
委托方｜Edrington
摄影｜Mark Power / Magnum Photos

Architect｜Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners
Contractor｜Robertson
Client｜Edrington
Photography｜Mark Power / Magnum Photos