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葡萄牙AH 别墅
Villa AH / CORE Architects

由专筑网王沛儒,李韧编译

来自建筑事务所的描述。客户非常注重细节,建筑师们为住宅设置了一个特殊的遮阳板,它有着粗野的特征,这是为了抵御海滩强烈的日照,但是又不影响建筑的采光。

Text description provided by the architects. With a lot of care and attention to detail, the client set a specific vison for the house. It should keep and even emphasize its rough and strong character that it had been forced to acquire in order to withstand the strong forces of the beach weather and it should let all the beautiful Algarvian light into all rooms.

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这栋房子坐落在Iberian松林内的一块软坡上,虽然面积不大,但非常独特,面向大海,朝向南侧。海洋为这栋房子提供了几乎完美的风水条件,建筑的总体方向为客户创造了理想的能量来源,反映了其坚强和独特的性格。

Situated on a soft-sloped plot within a forest of Iberian pine trees with small  but very distinct, view lines to the ocean and facing South, the house provided perfect conditions for a Feng Shui-inspired home by the ocean. The general orientation of the house created the ideal energy flow for the client, reflecting her strong and uniquely authentic character.

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建筑师增加了一些风水要素,比如将入口门居中并使其朝北。此外,CORE团队还为现有、但被忽视的天井创造了活力,使其重新焕发生机,象征着天与地的连接,使天井成为厨房区域的一部分,也是卧室的视觉延伸。

The CORE team began by adding a few important Feng Shui adjustments, like centering the entrance door and making it North-facing. In addition, CORE revitalized an existing, but neglected, patio, as a featured connection of earth and heaven, while at the same time making the patio part of the kitchen area and a visual extension of the smallest bedroom.

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客户对布局的要求非常明确,她想要扩大新家的空间,通过两层的扩建将生活空间的面积扩大了一倍。开放的生活空间,以及将室内外的空间连接都是她所提的要求。此外,作为三个成年女儿的母亲,每个女儿都会带朋友来家里,她还养了四只狗和一只猫,因此她不想使用精致的材料,担心宠物会弄坏表面材料。

The requirements for the layout were very clear: The client wanted to extend the amount of space in her new home to double the sized area of the living space with a two-story extension. Open-space living, as well as connecting inner and outdoor space, were some of her key priorities. In addition, as a mother of three grown-up daughters, each one used to bringing friends over, and with four dogs and one cat, she didn’t want to be worried about delicate materials or damaged surfaces.

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另外,客户还要求优先使用普遍的材料和电器,而不是现代的高科技。她选择用质朴的天然石材和木材做地板,粗糙的亚麻布和木材做家具和室内装饰,另外还有未经装饰的混凝土楼梯,以及粗糙的石膏窗框。老式的厕所有着高高的水箱和链条,并且安装了电灯开关,建筑师为沉重的天然石脸盆搭配了质朴的金属支架,这些都可以体现这座建筑质朴的特点。

The client also prioritized the use of authentic materials and appliances over modern or high tech “snobby chique”. She chose rustic natural stone and wood for the flooring, rough linen and wood for furniture and interiors, un-manicured concrete stairs, micro-cement uneven plaster and crittall windows. Old fashioned toilets, with high tanks and chain to pull the water, installed light switches, and rustic metal stands for the heavy natural stone wash-basins contributed the rustic character of this house.

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除了遵循标准生物气候研究的设计理念之外,这栋房子还遵循额外的指导方针,其中包括将风水哲学与生物气候研究的基础结合起来。除其他外,建筑师们明确了盛行风向,这能够让建筑有效地降温。而立面窗户的位置也有着特殊的作用。自然交叉通风是项目的重要因素,建筑师需要把它与特定的遮阳比例结合起来,保证理想的居住环境,还要避免由于能源损失而导致的空间过热或过冷。

In addition to following a standard bioclimatic study that forms the basis for all our design concept development, this house had to follow additional guidelines, including combining Feng Shui philosophies with the basis of the bioclimatic study. We determined, among other things, the prevailing winds, which contributed to the cooling of the house. The positioning of the façade windows played a special role. Natural cross ventilation was an important factor, which in combination with specific calculated shading, ensured an ideal living environment and avoided overheating or undercooling of the house through energy losses.

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通过生物气候学的分析,建筑师们计算出窗户的面积,真正的需求面积比实际要小一些,因为客户对日落的热情,使建筑师们对能源效率的要求不那么严格,因此协调后决定降低能源效率而让客户拥有良好的观景视野。项目完成之后,这一决定显然是正确的,因为当地的日落景象十分壮观。由于这一优先事项,必须安装空调设备,与人们普遍认知相反的是,当地在多雨的冬季会非常潮湿和寒冷。虽然空调设备可以使空间被动供暖,但较差的耐热框架会产生一些能量损失,因此必须通过安装热泵控制地暖而进行供暖,另外还增加了一个开放式木质壁炉来补偿热能。

Following the bioclimatic analyses, the upper windows to the West were calculated to be significantly smaller. But the client’s passion for sunsets convinced us to be less strict on energy-efficiency and agree to a less energy effective dimensions. A decision that, in hindsight, proved clearly not regrettable, as the Algarvian sunsets are spectacular to look at. Due to this priority, an air conditioning unit had to be installed. Contrary to popular belief, the Algarve can be very damp and cold during the rainy winter periods. Although the big windows allowed a passive heating of the space, the inferior thermal resistant crittall frames led to bigger energy losses that had to be compensated by installing a heat-pump controlled underfloor heating and an open wood fireplace.

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由于葡萄牙南部地区地震的危险性高,结构设计师采用混凝土骨架结构作为施工方案。建筑围护结构具有良好的隔热性,对达到预期的能效标准至关重要,外墙采用高效保温粘土砌块。

Due to the high earthquake risk in South Portugal, a concrete skeleton structure was chosen as the type of construction. Good thermal insulation in the building envelope was crucial to achieve the desired energy efficiency standard. For the outer walls, heat-efficient clay blocks with high thermal insulation were used.

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住宅用热黏土砖建造而成,这些材料都在葡萄牙生产,速度快,操作简单,而且它们的热工性能是传统砖的两倍多。

The house was built with thermal clay tiles with mortar-free butt jointing. These are produced in Portugal and are fast and easy to work with. Their thermal performance is more than twice as efficient as the traditional bricks that are conventionally used.

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裸露的橡木梁屋顶结构为起居空间提供了两倍的天花板高度,主卧室的屋顶工艺精湛,将传统的细节与价值相结合,所有的屋顶都高度隔热。

The visible oak beam roof construction provided double ceiling height over the living area and a quality craftsmanship roof over the master bedroom. Combining traditional detail with efficiency and value, all roofs were also highly insulated.

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建筑设计:CORE建筑事务所
项目位置:葡萄牙
项目类型:住宅
首席建筑师:Responsável Anabela Macieira
项目面积:2260.42平方英尺(约210平方米)
项目年份:2018年
照片摄影:Alexander Bogorodskiy
制造商:Sto, Weber
技术规格:EcoDesign & Feng shui concept

Architects: CORE Architects
Location: Almancil, Portugal
Category: Houses
Arquiteta: Responsável Anabela Macieira
Area: 2260.42 ft2
Project Year: 2018
Photographs: Alexander Bogorodskiy
Manufacturers: Sto, Weber
Specifications: EcoDesign & Feng shui concept

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