Baca建筑事务所设计的澳大利亚海洋观测站如同一条浮出水面的鲸鱼
Australian marine observatory by Baca Architects will resemble a whale emerging from water

由专筑网Cortana，小R编译

Baca建筑事务所设计了一座名为澳大利亚水下观测中心的海洋观测站，该观测站模仿鲸鱼浮出水面的样子，坐落于Geographe海岸。

Baca Architects has designed a marine observatory called the Australian Underwater Discovery Centre that will mimic a whale surfacing off the coast of Geographe Bay.



该中心将建在西澳大利亚的Busselton码头外两公里的海上，部分位于水下，并有一个可以俯瞰海底的大玻璃窗。

Baca建筑事务所负责该项目设计，目的是取代码头附近的一座现有的观测站，该观测站目前很难满足游客的需求。该项目将成为世界上最大的海洋观测中心，向公众和科学家开放，以观察Geographe湾的海洋环境。

“目前，游客在两公里长的码头上的体验非常成功，但码头已经达到其最大承载力。”事务所的负责人Richard Coutts解释说。

他说：“运营方希望有一座新的文化建筑，能够接待更多的游客，并提供一个更大的水下观景窗口。”

“项目要求能够满足游客的空间需求，并能够提供一些标志性的东西来吸引游客。”Coutts补充道，“我们的目标是促进教育，有意识去监管码头附近的海洋环境和整个Geographe湾的海洋环境。”

The centre, which will be built two kilometres out at sea beside Busselton Jetty in Western Australia, will be positioned partially underwater and feature a large window overlooking the ocean floor.
It has been developed by Baca Architects to replace an existing observatory off of the jetty that is currently struggling to meet visitor demand. The goal is for it to become the world's largest centre of its kind, open for both the public and scientists to observe the marine habitats of Geographe Bay.
"The current underwater visitor experience at the end of the two-kilometre-long pier has been greatly successful but has reached its capacity," explained the studio's director, Richard Coutts.
"The operator sought to have a new cultural building that would be able to cope with higher visitor numbers and provide a larger underwater viewing window, quite literally, on the ocean floor," he told Dezeen.
"The brief set out the client's spatial needs and a requirement to deliver something iconic which will draw tourists in," added Coutts. "The goal is to promote the education, awareness and monitoring of the jetty's immediate marine environment and the wider environs of Geographe Bay."



Baca建筑事务所受Subcon委托为Busselto码头设计水下观测中心，Subcon是一家具有人工鱼礁安装经验的海事承包商。

鲸鱼形态的方案是工作室最初为该方案设计的三个方案之一，另外两个分别类似洞穴和船形。

最终的设计将由公众决定，后续工程将由Baca建筑事务所与客户、工程师和Subcon共同开发。

Baca Architects was appointed to design the AUDC for Busselton Jetty by Subcon – a marine contractor with experience in installing artificial reefs.
The whale-shaped proposal was one of three designs that the studio first developed for the scheme, with the others being a cave-like structure and a building that resembled a ship.
Through a series of local consultation events, the public was then invited to choose the final design that would be developed by Baca Architects with the client, engineers and Subcon.



水下观测中心主要由混凝土建造，并由游艇制造商建造轻型框架屋顶。之所以选择混凝土，是因为它的耐用性和抵御海洋环境等恶劣条件的能力。

此外，人们还希望混凝土能够通过蓄热体帮助稳定内部温度，并借助水热交换系统进行加热和冷却。

在建筑的正面，Baca建筑事务所将使用一种多孔的、生物感知的变体材料，以促进藤壶和藻类的生长。

在内部，水下观测中心在海平面以上部分被设计为一系列展厅，游客游览过后再来到海底的观测站。

馆内将设置多个玻璃窗，为游客提供海面上和海面下的景观，其中一个玻璃窗的高度将延伸至整座建筑。从外面看，这扇窗像是鲸的眼睛。

水下观测中心将在海平面以下建成一座餐厅，并在海底放置雕塑和艺术品。

该项目预计于2022年完工。建筑结构将在附近的船厂进行预制，然后被运送到场地浸入海中。

The AUDC will be built largely built from concrete, complete with a light-frame roof that will be constructed by yacht builders. Concrete was chosen for its durability and ability to withstand harsh conditions, such as in marine environments.
It is also hoped the concrete will help stabilise internal temperatures through thermal mass, with the help of a water heat exchange system for heating and cooling.
Across the front of the building, Baca Architects will use a porous, bioreceptive variation of the material to encourage the growth of barnacles and algae.
Inside, the AUDC has been designed as a sequence of spaces, which will invite visitors to explore a series of art galleries and exhibition areas above sea level before descending to the ocean floor-level observatory.
Several structural glass windows will be incorporated to provide views out both above and below the sea, including one that extends the full height of the building. From the outside, this window will be intended to evoke "the cetacean's eye".
The AUDC will be complete with a restaurant below sea level, and sculptures and artwork positioned out on the ocean floor.
It is slated for completion in 2022. The structure will be precast in a nearby boatyard, before being towed out and submerged in location.



挪威Snøhetta事务所也采用了类似的方法建造了欧洲第一家水下餐厅，该餐厅是在距离最终地点20米处的驳船上建造的，然后再被运送到最终地点。

Baca建筑事务所是Coutts于2003年成立的伦敦建筑工作室。虽然水下观测中心标志着其进入水下建筑领域，但该公司更熟悉在水上建造和创造抗洪结构。

其最著名的项目包括英国泰晤士河上的"第一座两栖房屋"和奇切斯特运河上的模块化浮动住宅。

A similar approach was used to build Europe's first underwater restaurant by Snøhetta in Båly, Norway, which was constructed on a barge 20 metres from its final site before being towed out to its final location.
Baca Architects is a London architecture studio founded by Coutts in 2003. While the AUDC marks its foray into underwater architecture, the firm is familiar with building on the water and creating flood-resilient structures.
Among its most notable projects are the UK's "first amphibious house" on the River Thames and a modular, floating dwelling on Chichester Canal.