由专筑网朱王倩，刘庆新编译
对于大多数建筑学的学生来说，最初几年学习涉及建筑术语的速成课程。学习语汇和“格式塔”一样模糊去重新定义你所理解的观念和“空间”一样简单，学习建筑词汇是成为设计师过程中一个最令人费解的阶段。
这个挑战显然也是一个普遍的体验：上个月我们要求读者为“只有建筑师使用的最奇怪的词汇”提出他们的意见，之后建议纷至沓来——包括100条帖子和超过400条关于我们第一个Facebook帖子的评论。也许更令人惊讶的是，在所有收到的意见里，人们建议的词汇和短语明显没有什么重复。巨大的多样性使我们选出150个单词列表——仅仅只是所有建议的一小部分。
为什么建筑师要使用这样奇怪的语言？
首先，列出一些背景，我们将讨论读者关于周围建筑语言的评论——这里单独列出了一些问题，向下滚动翻看。
建筑语汇当然用于好的理由。有时，概念太过复杂用日常语言难以表达，并且有些词指生涩的建筑理念，公众可能之前不了解。这点由 jsarhitekt指出：
“为什么限制，批评或沉默地表达？建筑有它自己的语言，不像其他的职业，追求和流派。所有的一切都必须被减少和冲淡到最小的共同点么？“ jsarhitekt
但Dougilis对jsarhitekt的回复指出，与其他建筑师交谈和跟专业之外的人交谈有区别：
“我认为我们不能用一种不可理解的语言来促进公众的话语。当我和一位物理学家交谈时，我希望他能把他的工作翻译成我能理解的术语，所有的行业和专业都应该以同样的标准来做。如果你不能简单地解释你的工作，那么代表你不完全了解你的工作。” Dougilis
Lee Calisti指出，最重要的区别是关于意图：
“也许这是一个问得错误的问题。动机更重要。是想用他们的言语叙述更好的故事还是只是自命不凡？”Lee Calisti AIA。
Margit Rudy指出我们如何使用语言会因此影响他人思考建筑师的方式：
“如果我们这些自称为“建筑师”的人希望我们来之不易的技能在更大背景下重用，这种背景我们认为是与我们的领域关联，那么是时候满足更广泛的领域，至少用一半我们都理解的条款或术语。”Margit Rudy。
最后，由格雷戈哈得斯佩斯提到的简单语汇的最佳评论，一个显然没有给建筑师摆姿态留下深刻印象的建筑商：
“作为一个已经在这个行业20多年的建筑商，我明白我在做什么，并认为自己有足够的智慧去掌握比较复杂的建筑理念。然而，我有一个奇怪词汇和短语的使用列表，建筑师工作时正在使用。我花了一天的一部分去掉阐释简单想法的过于复杂的解释和描述。它是对时间和自我的最大浪费。把东西卖给客户，但要给我最直接和正确的设计和计划。我可以更快地工作，减少不必要的变化。”Greg Hudspeth Hudspeth通过facebookook留言。
150个只有建筑师使用的奇怪词汇
记住上述评论，记住这不是一个你应该立即停止使用的单词列表是很重要的；只要你知道你在和谁说话，并确信你使用这些词在你使用它们的背景下是必要、恰当的。
这个列表并不详尽，有超过750条的评论在我们的原创文章和Facebook的帖子里，我们不得不说抱歉！这里包含的是最经常提到的那些词，以及我们已经遇到的。所以不再大费口舌，单词排列没有特定的顺序，这里是读者们列出的只有建筑师使用的150个奇怪词语：
建筑特定行业术语：
模仿作品
可持续性
工学效应研究
场所
立面
讨论会
地区主义
门槛
体块
纵向射击
物质性
é时代
后工业时代
图解的
行话
模块
解构
类型
参数化
项目
表皮
围护结构
墓穴
拱廊
开窗
截断
部分的
空闲
现象
粗犷主义
悬臂梁
曲线
直线
密斯
柯布
永续农业
流体建筑
郊区住宅
可走性
桩基
垂直化
回扣
竖框
窗格
中产阶级化
台基
建筑师所赋予新含义的简单词汇
概念
空间
构造
象征
易读性
面积
时刻
庆祝
协商
动态的
语言
背景
手势
台面
分类
层次
规模
部分
正式
节点
吊舱
粮食
外推
设备
高程
建筑师频繁使用的晦涩词语
符号的
有机的
二分法
折中的
媚俗
序列
静止
空隙
反复
并列
构造
构造
阈值
表达
短暂
家庭生活
人为的
再生
混合
有生产能力的
歧义
催化剂
穿透
适当的
灵感
当代的
融合
表演的
霸权
牧师
分叉
叠加
汇流
形式
时代精神
平庸的
麻木的
动机
行列
同类的
原手稿
范式
失调
邻接的
视差
组合
审美
整体的
均匀性
形态
二元性
细微差别
短暂的
冗长
稳健的
定制的
整体
同时
深奥的
具体化
分裂
建筑师不常用的词汇或短语
玩（灯光，空间，材料）
人的尺度
创造或提供手势
如何...由....完成
空间构成
筹划
探讨概念
纲领相近
激活空间
公共领域
室外空间
建筑里奇怪的概念
实/虚
内/外
推/拉
自下而上/自上而下
透明/不透明
提供服务
消极的/积极的空间
For most students of architecture, the first few years of learning involve a demanding crash course in architectural jargon. From learning terms as obscure as "gestalt" to redefining your understanding of ideas as simple as "space," learning the architectural lexicon is one of the most mind-bending processes involved in becoming a designer.
This challenge is clearly a universal experience as well: when we asked our readers last month to suggest their picks for the "weirdest words that only architects use," we were inundated with suggestions - including 100 comments on the post itself and over 400 comments on our first Facebook post. Perhaps even more striking, though, was the fact that in all of these comments, there was remarkably little overlap in the words and phrases people were suggesting. The huge variety allowed us to select a list of 150 words - just a fraction of the total suggested.
Why Do Architects Use Such Strange Language?
First up, to give our list some context we'll be discussing our readers' comments about the issues surrounding architectural language - those who are here for the list alone, feel free to scroll down!
Architectural language can, of course, be used for good reason. Sometimes, concepts are too complex to express in everyday language, and some words refer to obscure architectural ideas that the general public would likely not have previous knowledge of. This was pointed out by jsarhitekt:
“Why limit, criticize or mute expression? Architecture has its own language, not unlike other professions, pursuits, and genres. Does everything have to be diminished and diluted to lowest common denominator?” - jsarhitekt
But as noted in Dougilis' response to jsarhitekt, there's a difference between talking to other architects and talking to people outside the profession:
“I don't think we are contributing to public discourse by using a language that is incomprehensible to a layman. When I talk to a physicist, I expect him to be able to translate his work into terms that I can understand, and all trades and professions should be held to the same standard. If you cannot explain your work simply, you don't fully understand your work.” - Dougilis
As Lee Calisti points out, the important distinction to make is about intent:
“Perhaps it's the wrong question to ask. Motivation is more important. Is one trying to be a better storyteller with their words or simply being pretentious?” - Lee Calisti, AIA
Margit Rudy points out how our use of language therefore impacts the way others think about architects:
“If those of us calling ourselves 'architects' want our hard-earned skill sets taken seriously in the larger context that we actually view to be our field of relevance, then it's high time we meet that broader field at least half way in terms/terminology that we all understand.” - Margit Rudy
And finally, perhaps the best argument for simple language was made by Greg Hudspeth, a builder who clearly isn't impressed by architects' intellectual posturing:
“As a builder who has been in the industry for over 20 years, I understand what I'm doing and consider myself intelligent enough to grasp relatively complex concepts in construction. However, I have a running list of the ridiculous words and phrases that the architects we work with are using. I spend a portion of each day stripping away the fluff and overly complicated explanations and descriptions for simple ideas. It is the biggest waste of time and ego. Sell that stuff to the client but give me the design and plans in the most direct and correct manner. I can work faster and make fewer changes.” - Greg Hudspeth via Facebook
150 Weird Words That Only Architects Use
Bearing in mind the above comments, it's important to remember that this isn't a list of words you should immediately stop using; simply be aware of who you're talking to, and be sure that if you do use any of these words they are necessary and appropriate in the context you use them.
This list is by no means exhaustive; with over 750 comments across our original article and three Facebook posts, we had to cap it somewhere! Included here are the words that were mentioned most often and which we had encountered ourselves. So without further ado, and in no particular order, here is our readers' list of 150 weird words that only architects use:
Architecture-specific jargon:
Pastiche
Sustainability
Ergonomy
Genius loci
Facade
Charette
Regionalism
Threshold
Massing
Enfilade
Materiality
Poché
Post-industrial
Diagrammatic
Vernacular
Modular
Deconstruction
Typology
Parametric
Program
Skin
Building envelope
Vault
Arcade
Fenestration
Truncated
Parti
Flâneur
Phenomenology
Brutalism
Cantilever
Curvilinear
Rectilinear
Miesian
Corbusian
Permaculture
Blobitecture
Exurbia
Walkability
Pilotis
Verticality
Rebate
Mullion
Muntin
Gentrification
Stylobate
Simple words given new meaning by architects:
Concept
Space
Fabric (urban or building)
Metaphor
Legibility (of something other than writing)
Dimension (meaning a characteristic of something)
Moment
Celebrate
Negotiate
Dynamic
Language
Context
Gesture
Proud (“the countertop is proud of the cabinet”)
Taxonomy
Hierarchy
Scale
Section
Formal
Nodes
Pods
Grain
Extrapolate
Device
Elevation
Obscure words that architects overuse (or misuse):
Iconic
Organic
Dichotomy
Eclectic
Kitsch
Sequence
Stasis
Interstitial / Interstice
Iteration
Juxtapose/Juxtaposition
Stereotomic
Tectonics (and architectonics)
Liminal
Articulate
Ephemeral
Domesticity
Anthropogenic
Regenerate
Hybrid
Generative
Ambiguity
Catalyst
Penetrate
Appropriate
Inspiration
Contemporary
Amalgamation
Performative
Hegemony
Curate
Bifurcate
Superimpose
Confluences
Gestalt
Zeitgeist
Banal
Blasé
Motifs
Procession
Homogenous
Palimpsest
Paradigm
Dissonance
Adjacencies
Parallax
Assemblage
Aesthetic
Monolithic
Uniformity
Morphology
Duality
Nuance
Transient
Redundancy
Robust
Bespoke
Holistic (sometimes even wholistic)
Simultaneity
Esoteric
Concretization
Schism
Unusual terms or phrases that architects love:
Play with (light, space, materials)
Human scale
Create/provide a gesture
How the ____ is received by the ____
Spatial composition
Map out
Explores the notion
Programmatic adjacencies
Activate the space
Public Realm
Outdoor room
Strange concepts within architecture:
Solid/Void
Interiority/Exteriority
Push/Pull
Bottom up/Top down
Transparency/Opacity
Served and Service
Negative/Positive space
出处：本文译自www.archdaily.com/，转载请注明出处。
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