Esment Inca Building / AR3 Gualguasplliteras + MDBA
由专筑网小R编译
这座建筑就像是一个巨大的容器，通过不同的方式来过滤自然光线，从而逐渐构成室内外联系的空间整体，而这种关系恰好是这个项目的起源。
Text description provided by the architects. The building is a large container that filters natural light in different ways to gradually shape interior spaces that are directly related to the exterior ones. It is this interior-exterior relationship that originates the project.
项目的主要理念是建筑内部的所有活动都和外部有直接联系，那么构建一个立面表皮变得非常重要，这样才能构成空间之间的连接，同时限定且模糊内外边界。
The main idea is that all the activities carried out inside the building have a direct connection with the outside. That is why it is very important to create an enveloping skin that allows this linking of spaces and helps us to delimit and blur the border between interior and exterior at the same time.
建筑沿着场地展开长条形立面，与后侧独立墙体相分隔，建筑地上三层，地下一层。
在建筑的主体部分和隔墙之间保留有一条通道，用于定位主要的交通元素，其中包含汽车坡道和垂直交通中心的入口，在每一侧都有垂直核心筒，人们可以由此进入四个楼层。
The building is arranged longitudinally to the longest facade of the site, separating from the rear dividing wall. It has three floors above street level and one below ground level.
A passage has been left between the main body of the building and the dividing wall to be able to locate the main communication elements: the vehicle ramp and the entrances to the vertical communication centers. At each end, there is a vertical core for access to the four levels.
地面层直接连接街道和城市，这也是建筑坚实而稳定的基础，轻盈的地面构成了独立的室外空间，就如同是街道的延伸。
The ground floor, directly related to the street and the city in all the facades, is the base of the building, solid and stable. The lighter floors create their own outdoor spaces as if they were private extensions of the street.
通过在何种方式，建筑使用者之间的关系得以发展，在建筑二层的私密区域到位于地面层的公共区域，就此而言，社区的概念和不同区域密切地联系在一起。
In this way, various places of the relationship between the users of the building are developed: from the most private on the second floor of houses to the most public on the ground floor for production and restaurant. In any case, the concept of the community strongly linked to the different areas always underlies.
该项目的客户Fundació Amadip Esment的目标是将所有空间分配给使用者，同时也保持与社区的联系，其中的服务包含有培训、生产，以及就业安置。
The owner of the building, the Fundació Amadip Esment, aims to allocate all the spaces to its users, people with intellectual disabilities but does not renounce sharing them with the community, since its services include training, production, and job placement.
建筑的功能按照楼层得以划分，在地面层有着工业厨房和工作区域，各个团体可以在这里进行培训，这里和厨房连接在一起，当时没有物理上的划分，同时还有一个酒吧餐厅，这个空间也兼具教室的功能，一些大型开窗是外部街道的室内延伸，这也表达了建筑空间的半室外特性。
The building program is developed separately by floors. On the ground floor there is an industrial kitchen and a workshop with the possibility of training for various groups. Attached to the kitchen and without physical separation there is a bar-restaurant room with a reserved room that can function as a classroom. Some large square windows serve as a filter with the exterior street and allow them to be used as seats both inside and outside, marking the semi-exterior character of the space.
在一层有四间大教室和办公空间，每个单元的入口都有着一个灰空间，这个空间穿过后侧的露台，教室里的大窗户利用它们和立面之间的空隙来遮挡阳光，建筑的立面为半封闭形态，结合了固定了格栅。
On the first floor, there are four large classrooms and office space. Access to each unit is from a covered porch through a patio that is at the back. The large windows in the classrooms avoid the sun through interstitial spaces between them and the façade, which are semi-closed with fixed lattices.
在二层有11个房间，在角落还有这一个单人用房和日间中心，这些房间的目的是提升使用者的独立性，它们布置在走廊体系之中，使用者能够从建筑立面的灰空间而进入，建筑的立面则采用了格栅的形式来阻挡多余的阳光，走廊就如同私人街道，使用者互动其中，地下室友停车场、更衣室，以及储藏间。
On the second floor, there are 11 minimum homes with a single room and a day center on the corner. These homes, designed to promote the autonomy of people with disabilities, are arranged in a corridor system, accessed from a covered porch on the facade of the building protected from the sun with latticework. This corridor is the private street in which the inhabitants interact and which also functions as a terrace. The basement is used for parking, dressing rooms, and storage.
为了强调地面层的坚固特性，建筑的立面裸露了用于支撑的钢筋混凝土，其他楼层看上去十分轻盈，这是因为立面的面板和网格有着渗透特征。
To emphasize the solidity of the ground floor, its façade reveals the reinforced concrete with which it is supported. The lightness of the rest of the floors is materialized in the slabs seen on the façade and the permeability of the lattices on the facades.
建筑中应用了钢筋混凝土结构，例如地板、柱子和墙体，完成面的处理方式让产品看起来减少了精致的气息，生产于Majorca岛屿的烧制黏土应用在室外地面和立面的格栅中，地面层窗户上的Accoya木材和建筑门中的Viroc木材大大减少了后期的维护成本。
The reinforced concrete structure has been left visible throughout the building, both the floors and the pillars and walls. The finishes have followed the line of leaving the product as less elaborate as possible. The fired clay, produced on the island of Majorca, has been used in exterior flooring and in the latticework of the façade. Accoya wood on the ground floor windows and DM and Viroc wood on the doors of the building reduce maintenance to a minimum.
这座建筑安装了自消耗的光伏面板以及能够加热卫生用水的制冷机械热回收系统，除此之外，空调空间得以减少，并且包括竖向交通在内全部都为半室外交流空间，这样能够减少碳足迹。
The building has an installation of photovoltaic panels for self-consumption and a heat recovery system from the refrigeration machinery for heating sanitary water. In addition, the air-conditioned spaces have been reduced, being all the semi-outdoor communication spaces, including the vertical accesses. In this way, the final carbon footprint is smaller.
建筑设计：AR3 Gualguasplliteras, MDBA
类型：多功能建筑/可持续建筑
面积：33906 平方英尺（约3150平方米）
时间：2020年
摄影：Milena Villalba
制造商：Eléctrica Son Sardina, Fusteria Abrines, Guillem Capó Coll, Ladrilleria Mallorquinas
客户：Fundació Amadip Esment
建构设计：Xavier Suárez Genovard
工程设计：Miquel Oliver Sansó
室内设计：Ester Morro, Juan Alba
城市：印加
国家：西班牙
MIXED USE ARCHITECTURE, SUSTAINABILITY, BUILDINGS
INCA, SPAIN
Architects: AR3 Gualguasplliteras, MDBA
Area: 33906 ft2
Year: 2020
Photographs: Milena Villalba
Manufacturers: Eléctrica Son Sardina, Fusteria Abrines, Guillem Capó Coll, Ladrilleria Mallorquinas
Clients: Fundació Amadip Esment
Technic Architect: Xavier Suárez Genovard
Engineer: Miquel Oliver Sansó
Interior Design: Ester Morro, Juan Alba
City: Inca
Country: Spain
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