在伦敦伯蒙西，当地的设计师们合作振兴了一个邻里市场
In Bermondsey, London, Local Designers Collaborate to Revive a Neighborhood Market

由专筑网邢子，小R编译

一个多世纪以来，一个被称为"The Blue"的街头市场是伦敦东南部伯蒙西的心脏。在过去的无数个星期六，数以百计的人涌向这个历史悠久的街区，其根源可以追溯到11世纪，当时这里是通往伯蒙西修道院的朝圣之路。曾经，市场上的顾客可以在200多个摊位上品尝商品，这些摊位以出售阳光下的一切而闻名。“你可以在The Blue买到任何东西”是每个人的口头禅。

然而，自20世纪70年代以来，该市场逐渐衰落，为了方便车辆，这里修建了道路，并被推入战后的住宅区，其功能被附近的大型超市所取代。今天，The Blue已经与过去的社区中心相去甚远，而它曾经所拥有的的生命力也随之流失。2005年，大都会警方的一份报告将该地区定义为“种族犯罪和青年混乱”的热点地区。

For more than a century, a street market known as ‘The Blue’ was the beating heart of Bermondsey in Southeast London. On Saturdays gone by, hundreds flocked to the historic neighborhood, a site with roots reaching back to the 11th century when it was once a pilgrimage route to Bermondsey Abbey. Market punters used to sample goods from more than 200 stalls that famously sold everything under the sun. “You can buy anything down The Blue” was the phrase everyone went by.
However, since the 1970s, the market has been in gradual decline: shunned from the road to make way for vehicles and pushed into a post-war housing estate, its business has been usurped by a supermarket mega complex nearby. Today, The Blue is a far cry from the communal hub it used to be, and with it, the lifeblood it once provided has dripped away. In 2005 a Metropolitan police report defined the area a hotspot for “race crime and youth disorder.”



“我一直在这里摆摊。” Russell Dryden对《大都会》说，“我已经卖了快40年的鱼了。我看到这里从一个拥挤的市场到只剩我自己。”

目睹市场的衰退，Russell采取了行动，在与当地商业伙伴联系后，他把市场及其附近地区改造为商业改进区。他说：“这使我们有机会坐在最高的位置上。” 他的工作得到了回报，最终，商业改进区从大伦敦管理局的良好增长基金中获得了270万美元的支持，用于对该地区的未来发展进行提升。

总部设在伦敦的Hayatsu建筑事务所和特纳奖获得者Assemble工作室利用这笔钱为市场提供了基础设施，希望这里能再次蓬勃发展。从表面上看，这些变化并不引人注目。对路人来说，最引人注目的是一个闪亮的新钟楼——一个看似古怪的木质结构，外面包着由居民压印的锡罐刻度，用高跷支撑，上面有一个钟。铁皮包层在当地的视觉环境中显得格外突出，但也有特别的历史意义，因为伯蒙西是铁罐的发源地，而第一个铁罐就是在19世纪生产的。

“I’ve always run a stall here,” said Russell Dryden, speaking to Metropolis. “I’ve been selling fish for about 40 years. And I’ve seen it go from a packed market to it being more or less only me having a stall here.”
Witnessing the market’s decline, Russell took action. After contacting fellow local businesses, he made the market and its vicinity a Business Improvement District. “It gave us the opportunity to sit at the top table,” he said. His work paid off: eventually, the BID was granted $2.7 million from the Greater London Authority’s Good Growth fund to futureproof the area.
Using that money, London-based practices Hayatsu Architects and Turner Prize-winners, Assemble Studio, have provided the market with the infrastructure to hopefully thrive once again. On the face of it, the changes made aren’t show-stoppers. The most notable addition to passers-by is a shiny new clocktower—a twee timber structure clad in tin can scales embossed by residents and supported by stilts with a clock abutting atop. The tin cladding stands out in the local visual context but has particular historical resonance—Bermondsey is the birthplace of the tin can, with the first being produced during the 19th century.





他的同名工作室的创始人Takeshi Hayatsu说：“我们想让当地社区参与进来，做一些能够体现建筑规模的东西。”在社区研讨会中谈到，伯蒙西当地人对项目中使用的锡进行压印，所有这些都是该项目进行的广泛社区参与和咨询的一部分。

一个更微妙的变化是，新的木制柱子取代了曾经的混凝土柱子，并被安置在离街道更近的地方，为商人提供了更多空间。其他的混凝土柱也没有浪费，它们被染成了红色，用于安置座位。翻新后的市场可以容纳36个摊位，尽管这与曾经的200个摊位相差甚远，但这是一个好的发展基础，市场有望再次成为一个真正的社区中心。

这座钟塔是伯蒙西市场的中心，两侧是橡木框架的雨棚，为商人提供庇护。此外，还为摊位提供了更好的电力服务。在此之前，该市场的基础设施严重不足。“市场上没有任何设施可以使用。”德莱登说，“没有可以使用的电，东西坏了也人修，你知道吗？我们只是无法经营这样一个市场。”

“We wanted to involve the local community and make something that could manifest at an architectural scale,” said Takeshi Hayatsu, founder of his eponymous studio, speaking of the community workshop that saw Bermondsey locals emboss the tin—all of which was part of the extensive community engagement and consultation that took place for the project.
A more subtle change is the new timber bollards that have replaced concrete ones and been pushed closer to the street, allowing more space for traders. The concrete from the others hasn’t been wasted, instead, it has been stained red and reused for seating. The refurbished market can now accommodate 36 stalls. It’s a far cry from the 200 that were once here, but it’s a better foundation for growth as the market looks to become a genuine community hub again.
The tower is the central focal point of Bermondsey’s market, flanked on either side by Oak-framed canopies that provide shelter to potential traders. Better electrical services for stalls have been provided, too. Prior to this, the market’s infrastructure was severely lacking. “Nothing was working on the market,” said Dryden. “None of the electric was working, things broke and weren’t fixed, you know? We just couldn’t run a proper market.”



Hayatsu将新的市场区域称为“乡村绿地”，这个地方的设计不仅仅是一个交易的空间，人们也可以在这里举行社区活动、表演或休憩。虽然市场没有像以前那样扩展到街上，但仍然鼓励游客步行到达这里，其中大部分设计预算也用于改善行人体验，这部分由来自伯蒙西的图形设计师Stinsensqueeze提供的街道标记和图案，资金也被用来对店面进行整修，而进入这里的新路正在施工中，一条新的连接场地北部即将建成的住房的道路。

设计的结果是一个令人满意的地区复兴，该地区现在拥有基础设施，可以看到市场恢复了活力。“市场已经改变了。”Dryden说，“市场交易、商店贸易——这些都过去父亲想要传给儿子的，但现在大多数孩子上了大学或接受了教育，不想再像以前那样做他们父母的生意，那个时代已经过去了。现在是时候让新的、不同的商人加入——这就是这个项目的目的。”

图片：Jim Stephenson

Hayatsu calls the new market area a “village green”—a place designed to be more than just a space to trade, where people can hold community events, perform, or relax. Though the market doesn’t sprawl out onto the street like it once did, visitors are encouraged to arrive by foot: much of the budget has been used on improving the pedestrian experience, largely down to street markings and motifs courtesy of graphic designers Stinsensqueeze, who are based in Bermondsey. Funding was also used to give shopfronts a facelift, too, while new paths into the village green area are being carved—with a new route linking to a soon-to-be-built housing development just north of the site.
The result is a pleasing rejuvenation of an area that now has the infrastructure to see its market come back to life. “The market has changed,” admitted Dryden. “Market trading, owning shops—it used to all be passed on, father to son. But now most kids go to university or get educated and don’t want to work their mum and dad’s business like they used to, that era’s gone. Now it’s about getting new traders in, a different generation—and that’s what this is for.”