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新型生活方式和设计模式——当代世界微型房屋社区概览第1张图片

© Kurkku Fields

极简住宅和中央社区空间:世界各地的微型房屋社区
Minimal Homes and a Central Collective Space: Tiny House Communities Around the World

由专筑网邢子,小R编译

近年来,微型住宅变得异常流行,这已经不是什么秘密了,这是极简主义波西米亚生活的标志,是对当下过度生活的回应。从重新装备的房车到预制的Muji住宅,再到未来主义的Nestron pods,仅在过去的十年里,建筑界就看到了各种各样的微型房屋获得了广泛的关注。随着这种类型学在世界范围内越来越广泛,这些微型房屋的社区也大量在北美、新西兰、东亚等地涌现。这些社区将简约的古朴生活方式与社会交往的集体空间相结合,将志同道合的家庭和个人聚集到时尚的微型社区中。下面是此类空间的简要介绍:

微型住宅传统上小于是500平方英尺(约46.45平方米),许多人优先考虑的是经济性或可持续性。它们通常位于农村或郊区,强调与自然的联系,并且相对自给自足。由于微型房屋的趋势之新,一些政府在制定和批准专门针对这些社区的立法方面进展缓慢。由于这个原因,微型房屋社区比个人微型房屋更罕见,但在世界各地仍然存在。

It’s no secret that tiny homes have become exceedingly popular in recent years – a signifier of minimalist bohemian living in response to the excesses of the current day. From reoutfitted RV’s to prefabricated Muji homes to futuristic Nestron pods, the world of architecture has seen a variety of tiny houses gain viral attention in the past decade alone. As this typology grows more widespread around the world, communities of these tiny homes have proliferated as well, popping up in North America, New Zealand, East Asia, and more. These communities combine the quaint lifestyle of minimalist living with collective spaces for social interaction, bringing together like-minded families and individuals into fashionable tiny neighborhoods. We will examine several such communities below.
Tiny homes are traditionally 500 square feet or less, and many prioritize affordability or sustainability. They are commonly located in rural or suburban areas, emphasizing a connection to nature and relative self-sufficiency. Because the tiny home trend is so new, some governments have been slow to create and approve legislation addressing these communities specifically. For this reason, tiny house communities are less common than individual tiny homes, yet they can still be found around the world.

新型生活方式和设计模式——当代世界微型房屋社区概览第2张图片

Image via Flickr, User Bill Dickinson. Licensed Under CC BY-NC-ND 2.0

美国 德克萨斯州 Spur社区

作为美国第一个接纳微型房屋的小镇,德克萨斯州的Spur是微型房屋社区的典型例子。当地呼吁保护农村生活,重新强调对自然的欣赏,特别是在世界变得越来越城市化的情况下,当地社区的驱动力是这样的理念,小城镇的微型房屋能产生最大的自由、社区和自给自足。小镇的组织也相应地反映了这些价值观,任何拥有微型房屋或计划建造微型房屋的人都可以购买一块土地并搬进小镇,但一定的审美要求和共享的公用设施创造了基本的社区精神。所有的小房子都必须采用木头或金属框架,连接到城市公用设施的抽水马桶和适当的电力设施,另外用光纤布线,确保居住者保持联系。


加拿大 不列颠哥伦比亚省 Terrace

Spur是美国的第一个微型住宅小镇,而加拿大的第一个是蓝草草甸微型村,位于不列颠哥伦比亚省的一个偏远的森林地区,周围有山和附近的河流。蓝草村的微型住宅是为了应对Terrace高昂的租赁房而创建,其起价仅为每月700加元。该村还为业主提供空地,让他们带着自己的微型房屋前来定居。为了给社区提供便利,村子里包含了一个带有洗衣设施的公共小屋,并提供水电、污水处理、回收、网络,冬季还提供除雪服务。它还计划增加烧烤区、公共花园和娱乐区。

Spur, Texas, United States
The first town in the U.S. to welcome tiny homes, Spur, Texas is a classic example of a tiny house community. Calling for the preservation of rural living and a re-emphasized appreciation of nature, especially as the world becomes increasingly urban, Spur’s driving motivation is the idea that tiny houses in small towns yield maximum freedom, community, and self-sufficiency. The town’s organization reflects these values accordingly: anyone owning a tiny house or planning to build one can purchase a lot and move into the town, but certain aesthetic requirements and shared utilities create the essential community spirit. All tiny houses must feature wood or metal framing, flush toilets that connect to city utilities, and proper electrical work. In turn, the town is wired with fiber-optics to ensure that dwellers remain connected.

Terrace, British Columbia, Canada
While Spur was the first tiny home town in the United States, Canada’s first is Bluegrass Meadows Micro Village, located in a remote, forested area of British Columbia surrounded by mountains and a nearby river. Created in response to the lack of affordable rentals in Terrace, the tiny homes in Bluegrass start at only $700 per month. The village also offers empty lots for owners to bring their own tiny homes. To provide amenities for the community, the village contains a common cabin with laundry facilities and offers water utilities, power, sewage, recycling, internet, and snow removal in the winter. It also plans to add a BBQ and fire pit area, communal garden, and a recreation area.

新型生活方式和设计模式——当代世界微型房屋社区概览第3张图片

© Hummingbird Micro Homes

新型生活方式和设计模式——当代世界微型房屋社区概览第4张图片

via Tiny House Blog


美国 内华达州 拉斯维加斯

位于内华达州拉斯维加斯的Airstream小镇由Zappos首席执行官Tony Hsieh创建,是一个微型住宅社区,不仅有标准化的美学和公共设施,而且通过诸如游乐场、游泳池、舞台等共享设施创造了社区。这些共享空间方便了社区聚会,减少了住宅本身对社交空间的需求,节省了宝贵的建筑面积。Airstream小镇的灵感部分来自于火人节和许多艺术装置。房屋设计本身有两种选择,240平方英尺(22.3平方米)的Airstream活动房屋和140平方英尺(13平方米)的Tumbleweed小屋。Airstreams包括木板、不锈钢电器、电视以及公共厨房和洗衣设施。Tumbleweed小屋的特点是技术含量较低,但提供了一个家庭小屋般的美感。Airstream小镇也被亲切地称为 "Llamapolis",因为它是Hsieh羊驼Marley和Tritono的家。

Las Vegas, Nevada, United States
Created by Zappos CEO Tony Hsieh, Airstream Village in Las Vegas, Nevada, is a tiny home neighborhood that creates community not only through aesthetic standardization and utilities but through shared amenities including a playground, swimming pools, stage, fire pits, and more. These shared spaces facilitate communal gathering and reduce the need for social space within the homes themselves, saving precious floor area. Inspired in part by the Burning Man festival, Airstream Village also hosts numerous art installations. There are two options for the home designs themselves – the 240 square foot Airstream trailer and 140 square foot Tumbleweed cabin. The Airstreams include wood paneling, stainless steel appliances, televisions, and a communal kitchen and laundry facilities. The Tumbleweed tiny houses feature less technology but offer a homey cabin-like aesthetic. Airstream Village is also affectionately called “Llamapolis” because it doubles as a home for Hsieh’s alpacas Marley and Tritono.

新型生活方式和设计模式——当代世界微型房屋社区概览第5张图片

© Tiny House Block

新型生活方式和设计模式——当代世界微型房屋社区概览第6张图片

Wanderlust Tiny House © Tiny House Block


美国 加州 圣地亚哥

Airstream小镇是一个相对时髦的高科技生活社区,而加州圣地亚哥外的微型住宅社区则与科技拉开了距离。它的使命是明确地将个人与自然和真正的社区重新联系起来,这得益于它靠近山区和众多的小径,以及其餐厅和酒馆。它提供各种预建的古色古香的微型房屋的短期和长期住宿,包括"农舍"、"水晶禅"、"蓝天"、"花趣"等。秉承着远离现代世界干扰的自然生活的宗旨,这些房子不提供电视,但有棋盘游戏、书籍和私人后院,有些还设有火坑。

San Diego, California, United States
While Airstream Village is a relatively hipster, high-tech living community, Tiny House Block outside of San Diego, California pulls away from technology. Its mission is expressly to reconnect individuals to nature and genuine community, facilitated by its proximity to the mountains and numerous hiking trails as well as its onsite restaurant and tavern. It offers both short term and long term stays in a variety of prebuilt quaint tiny home models, including “Farmhouse,” “Crystal Zen,” “Blue Sky,” “Flower Fun,” and many more. In line with their mission of natural living away from the distractions of the modern world, the houses don’t offer TVs but feature board games, books, and private backyards, some with fire pits.

新型生活方式和设计模式——当代世界微型房屋社区概览第7张图片

Tiny House 04/Shack(シャック) © Kurkku Fields

新型生活方式和设计模式——当代世界微型房屋社区概览第8张图片

© Kurkku Fields


日本 千叶县 Kurkku Fields

由音乐制作人Takeshi Kobayashi创办的"Kurkku Fields",将可持续发展的生活方式向前推进了一步。Kurkku Fields主要是一个可持续发展的农场和公园,同时还包括一个微型屋村,包括有机蔬菜农场、散养鸡场、供应农场食物的室内餐厅,以及来自Yayoi Kusama、Anish Kapoor、Camille Henrot等人的户外艺术装置,另外还有太阳能农场、用于补充能源的生物过滤器等。微型屋村只提供短期住宿,但它包括各种不同的模式,同样强调可持续性和自然生活。

Kurkku Fields, Chiba Prefecture, Japan
Started by music producer Takeshi Kobayashi, Kurkku Fields takes sustainable living one step further. Primarily a sustainable farm and park that includes a tiny house village on the side, Kurkku Fields includes an organic vegetable farm, a free-range chicken ranch, an indoor dining room that serves food from the farm, outdoor art installations by Yayoi Kusama, Anish Kapoor, and Camille Henrot among others, a solar farm, a bio geo filter for additional energy, and more. The tiny house village is only available for short-term stays, but it includes a variety of different models that emphasize sustainability and natural living equally.

新型生活方式和设计模式——当代世界微型房屋社区概览第9张图片

© Whispering Aspen Village

美国 科罗拉多州 Fairplay

另一个受欢迎的微型房屋度假点是位于科罗拉多州Fairplay的Whispering Aspen小镇,位于Mosquito Mountain Range,是滑雪和滑雪板爱好者的天堂。该村拥有20多间现有的出租小木屋,以及几辆房车上的微型房屋,村里有几处社区设施,如一个会所和娱乐区。这些小木屋的设计风格古朴,与周围的雪景相得益彰。

Fairplay, Colorado, United States
Another popular tiny home vacation spot is the Whispering Aspen Village in Fairplay, Colorado, located in the Mosquito Mountain Range and a haven for skiers and snowboarders. Featuring over 20 existing cabins for rent as well as several RV’s and tiny houses on wheels, the village includes several community facilities such as a club house and recreation areas. The cabins are designed in a quaint, rustic style that matches their snowy surroundings.

新型生活方式和设计模式——当代世界微型房屋社区概览第10张图片

© The Muriwai Micro Collective

新型生活方式和设计模式——当代世界微型房屋社区概览第11张图片

© The Muriwai Micro Collective


新西兰 Muriwai

在企业家Kyron Gosse和他的公司Go Tiny的推动下,位于Muriwai的微型联合体或将成为新西兰第一个微型房屋村。Gosse计划村子里的微型房屋全部由主人负责建造,强调自由和自给自足。在村子的中心,是一个以植物为基础的咖啡馆和联合办公空间,以联系社区。虽然这个村子还没有建成,但它旨在为新西兰的微型房屋运动赋能,因为过去新西兰的微型房屋建设在法律上存在一些困难。

Muriwai, New Zealand
Pioneered by entrepreneur Kyron Gosse and his company Go Tiny, The Micro Collective in Muriwai is intended to be New Zealand’s first tiny house village. Gosse planned for the village to consist of tiny houses all built by their owners, emphasizing freedom and self-sufficiency. At the center of the village would be a plant-based café and co-working space to create community. While the village has not yet been built, it is intended to empower the tiny house movement in New Zealand, where there have been legal difficulties with tiny house living in the past.

新型生活方式和设计模式——当代世界微型房屋社区概览第12张图片

Image © HildaWeges Photography / Shutterstock

新型生活方式和设计模式——当代世界微型房屋社区概览第13张图片

© Hummingbird Micro Homes


加拿大 阿尔伯塔省 卡尔加里

由于经济实惠,小房子有可能不仅仅是时髦人士和企业家的波西米亚生活方式,它们还可以为无家可归者提供必要的住房。卡尔加里的"英雄之家"村是专门为无家可归的退伍军人设计的,这是由英雄之家基金会牵头的一项计划,旨在帮助退伍军人。因此,该村配有专门为此设计的项目,包括指导、个案管理和咨询服务。275平方英尺(约25.5平方米)的微型住宅配备齐全,有厨房、浴室、工作站、卧室和生活区,并包括暖气、水、电话、网络和保安等公用设施。租金包括所有这些公用设施和服务,但价格是卡尔加里一居室公寓平均价格的一半。

Calgary, Alberta, Canada
Because of their affordability, tiny homes have the potential to be more than a bohemian living style for hipsters and entrepreneurs – they can also provide essential housing for the homeless. The "Homes for Heroes" village in Calgary was designed specifically for homeless veterans, an initiative led by the Homes for Heroes Foundation and intended to help veterans get back on their feet. Thus, the village comes with specialized programs designed for this purpose, including mentoring, case management, and counseling services. The 275 square foot tiny homes are fully equipped with a kitchen, bathroom, workstation, bedroom, and living area, and include utilities such as heat, water, phone, internet, and security. Rent, which includes all of these utilities and services, costs half as much as the average price of a one-bedroom apartment in Calgary.

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