印度尼西亚De Tjolomadoe制糖厂
De Tjolomadoe / Airmas Asri

由专筑网李韧，曹逸希编译

来自建筑事务所的描述：De Tjolomadoe(The Colomadu) 制糖厂建造于1861年，当时还是荷兰殖民时期，建筑位于印度尼西亚中爪哇省，这也是这里的第一座制糖厂。建筑的周围环绕着甘蔗田，旁侧是皇宫统治区。经过相关政策的出台和土地的出售，甘蔗田逐渐消失不见，在1997年，由于经营者破产，甘蔗不再生产。多年来，这里一直是当地艺术家、工匠、诗人和活动人士交流、举办节日、展览或表演的聚集地。

Text description provided by the architects. Established in 1861 during the Dutch colonial era in Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia (formerly Dutch East Hindi), De Tjolomadoe (The Colomadu) is the first sugar factory in Indonesia. Located near/inside the palace regency, De Tjolomadoe is surrounded by sugar cane fields. After several government policy and land sale, the sugar cane fields slowly gone and disappeared, and in 1997, the production is stopped due to bankruptcy of the operator. For several years, the location is used as a gathering place for local artists, craftsman, poet and activists to commune and making festivals, exhibitions or performances.

2016年，国有企业进行了资产重组，制糖厂（The Colomadu）也成为了复工的对象。由于周边不再有甘蔗田，因此没办法继续进行制糖。因此，这座综合体需要重新进行设计构思，以满足其他的需求。

In 2016, as the Ministry of State Owned Enterprises is restructuring and auditing their assets, The Colomadu is one of the assets that is going to be revived. As the sugar cane fields are not surrounding the area anymore, reactivating the sugar factory is not possible. Therefore, reprogramming the complex to be something else is needed to make The Colomadu fully-operate again.

一家国有企业负责接手这座废弃的工厂，他们正在进行一项复兴国有企业、振兴国家资产的项目，Airmas Asri成为了这座急需改造的历史建筑的主创建筑师。

A state owned company appointed as care taker of the abandoned factory as they were trying to formulate a program to revitalize state's asset  and appointed Airmas Asri to do conceptual design of the building that needed rescue as time and weather beginning the historical building to a severe state of dilapidation.

作为自殖民时代以来第一家民营糖厂和制糖厂，由于忽视文化和历史价值，这里已经受到了许多公众的批评。一些来自非政府组织和当地艺术家团体的言论、艺术活动在此处频繁发生，这里的艺术和文化活动吸引了公众的关注和兴趣，使得人们愈发注意到这座工厂。

The place has already getting public criticism and reaction due to its neglect of cultural and historical value by being one of the first private owned sugar factory and sugar production plant since the colonial era. There has been frequent artistic events as language of critics  from non-governments -organizations and local artists so it was becoming clear that arts and culture-events in the abandoned factory is drawing public attention and interests.

设计策略的核心便是项目的复兴。因此，项目设计需要让场地恢复生机，并且对现有建筑进行改造，取其精华去其糟粕，让建筑拥有新功能。就整体背景环境而言，Surakarta与Karanganyar不可能与当地的国家产业相脱离，这里有传统手工制作的印花蜡染、巨石神庙，以及根植于当地人民的文化体系，所以作为一个国有企业，这种需求作为嵌入的概念被优先考虑，改造项目首先要让场地恢复活力，以满足未来的需求。

Revitalization is the key of design strategy. Hence, to get the place vital again, preservation and additions on non intrusive part to existing building are introduced to make the factory embraces its new function. By context, Surakarta and Karanganyar cannot be separated of its home industry of hand-drawn and traditional print batik, megaliths and stone temples , grass rooted Javanese culture and people, so as a state owned  company, this demand is prioritized as concept embedded to enliven the abandoned site to fits its future.

这个项目是文化和艺术中心，同时也是一座废弃工厂，因此建筑首先要满足其作为历史和公共建筑的需求。规划、设计、历史资料研究、结构评估等步骤需要在6个月的时间内完成，其中包括一座3500平方米的音乐厅以及建筑的其他主要场所。

A center of cultural and arts is planned to fits the abandoned factory, firstly the building had to pass several requirements as a historical building and a public building. The procedures of planning, identification, historical documents research and structural evaluations as preliminary per-construction and preservation are done in 6 months followed by construction of a 3500m2 Concert Hall and the main attraction of the building.

但是，由于机器结构的严重金属腐蚀，对公众有一定程度的危害，因此蒸汽技术时代的许多文物都无法保留。这些文物都被移走、凿掉、报废。一些照片、报道文章等具有历史意义的作品仍然得以保留下来，向公众进行展览。

Indeed many of the artifacts from the steam era technology has not survive due to severe metal corrosion of the machine and structure , looting, and hazardous to public display. These items were removed and scuttled and scrap metals. Artifact and has identity of historical trace by serial number, photograph, articles found from a dutch newspaper is preserve to fit display for public.

1921年，Semarang的一家建筑公司负责这座建筑主要砖墙立面的记录，在制糖厂的生产期间，其经历了多次翻新和改造。由于结构年久失修，建筑的一些部分被拆除，许多砖石部分直接暴露在空气之中，并且无法承担自重而破碎，这些部分有的已经不是原始的设计，因此新设计方案必须符合原有公共建筑的尺度和比例。

Architectural record of the main brick facade found in 1921 from an architect firm in Semarang , and it experience several changes and emplacement during the factory's Sugar production live time. Some Parts of the building has to be demolished due to its structural failure, many of the brick sections has been severely exposed to weather and crumble under its own weight, this sections sometime were not the original design and its found in many part of the building and a new design as infillment is done to suit the best proportions and architectural language as a public building.

建筑的一部分得以保留，只需要翻新一些诸如门窗、雨棚、屋顶、排水沟等配件，另外还有一些诸如餐厅、展厅、音乐厅等部分需要进行改造。建筑的前侧屋顶巨型蒸汽压辊也被改造为主要功能大厅，因为这里能够吸引公众的眼球。

Many parts and the building survive and only need a retrofits of a new components such as windows, doors, awnings, roofs , gutters and parts that supposed to held machinery are refurbished as food hall, restaurants, exhibition hall, and concert hall. The front sections of the building that roof a giant steam powered press-roller is transformed to a main lobby of the three main functions as it draws more public attention and interest.

许多开敞的房间周围都环绕着玻璃幕墙，这样可以将内部的巨型机器面向公众展览，其中甚至还有封闭机器或Moller Tanks，它们都面向音乐厅的内部而开放，因为这也是工厂的原有部分。

Many open air rooms are enclosed with a glass-wall to expose the interior giant machinery as a night time exhibition display, some are enclosed machinery or Moller Tanks and kept  exposed to the concert hall interior as it was one of the original parts of the factory section.

主要的蒸汽加热锅用作展示，因为其结构直接与烟囱结合，因此过于危险而无法拆除，房间被改造为有蒸汽锅顶棚的餐厅，原先一共有9个蒸汽锅，但是只保留下来2个。

The main steam kettle was kept as a display as its structure is embedded to the main chimney and too dangerous to remove. The room is transformed as a restaurant with the kettle's cover, only 2 out of 9 kettles survived.

建筑设计：Airmas Asri
地点：印度尼西亚，中爪哇省
项目负责人：Jusuf Setiadi, Setia Bakty
项目团队：Arry Wirahadikusumah, Ariearmend, Risa Prominda, Cahya Kurniawan,Doni Adrianto, Ihvan Pahrevy, Julia Shenjaya, Adityantari Satriani, Janitra Satriani, Ataslim, Ericko Limartha, Abdul Halim, Aziz Bahtiar, Wahyudi Latip
室内设计：Airmas Asri
景观设计：Airmas Asri
面积：13600.0 m2
项目时间：2016年
摄影：Mario Wibowo
制造商：Dulux, Jotun, Toto, Dekson
结构工程：PT PP Konstruksi
机械工程：PT Mitra Cipta Pranata
承包商：PT PP Konstruksi
场地面积：57.000 m2
客户：PT PP Properti

Architects: Airmas Asri
Location: Karanganyar Regency, Central Java, Indonesia
Project Leader: Jusuf Setiadi, Setia Bakty
Project Team: Arry Wirahadikusumah, Ariearmend, Risa Prominda, Cahya Kurniawan,Doni Adrianto, Ihvan Pahrevy, Julia Shenjaya, Adityantari Satriani, Janitra Satriani, Ataslim, Ericko Limartha, Abdul Halim, Aziz Bahtiar, Wahyudi Latip
Interior Architect: Airmas Asri
Landscape Architect: Airmas Asri
Area: 13600.0 m2
Project Year: 2016
Photographs: Mario Wibowo
Manufacturers: Dulux, Jotun, Toto, Dekson
Structural Engineers: PT PP Konstruksi
Mechanical Engineers: PT Mitra Cipta Pranata
Contractor: PT PP Konstruksi
Site Area: 57.000 m2
Client: PT PP Properti