柯布西耶和巴克里希纳•多西/Le Corbusier and Balkrishna Doshi. Photo courtesy of Balkrishna Doshi

巴克里希纳•多西（Balkrishna Doshi）是谁？关于2018年普利兹克奖得主你不得不知的12件事
Who is Balkrishna (B.V.) Doshi? 12 Things to Know About the 2018 Pritzker Laureate

由专筑网李韧，HYC编译

巴克里希纳•多西于1927年出生于印度西部城市浦那，今年已91岁高龄，他是印度现代建筑师，他获得了2018年普利兹克建筑奖，接下来让我们了解一下多西的职业生涯，其中有他与柯布西耶的交集，也有一些其他趣事。

B.V. Doshi, one of modern Indian architecture’s most celebrated practitioners, was born in Pune, India in 1927. Nearly 90 years later, the Pritzker Prize jury chose Doshi as the 2018 Laureate. Get to know about Doshi’s history—including his close relationship to the legendary Le Corbusier—in this list of interesting facts.

Sheth Hutheesinh Temple by Kalyan Shah used under CC BY-SA 3.0

1）Vastu Shilpa是多西工作室，该工作室在印度艾哈迈达巴德设计建造了一系列游客必看的建筑场所，因此工作室的参观者可以感受到建筑师对城市的理解，也可以体验其独特的建筑语汇。

2）从1951年至1955年，多西在柯布西耶的巴黎工作室工作，直到今天多西依旧在他办公室的门口， 放置了这位瑞士建筑师的肖像画，同时还有女神像。

1) Doshi’s office, Vastu Shilpa, created a list of “must-see” architecture sites in the city of Ahmedabad so that visitors to the office can see the city and understand the context in which Doshi creates his buildings.
2) From 1951 to 1955, B.V. Doshi worked directly for Le Corbusier as an architectural apprentice in his Paris atelier. To this day, at the entrance of his cabin, Doshi keeps a portrait of the Swiss architect next to representations of Goddess Durga and Lord Ganesha.

巴克里希纳•多西/Balkrishna Doshi. Courtesy of VSF

3）柯布西耶的英文不是特别好，但是这位印度建筑师后来回忆到：“当你不懂语言艺术时，你的说话内容会更加直观和空间化。”

4）基于一个非传统的评价标准，柯布西耶给了他一份无薪酬工作。2017年，多西告诉印度时报的记者，当时他没被要求提供作品集，但是却要求一份手写稿。

5）1959年他获得格雷厄姆基金会奖学金，并且第一次出访美国。

6）多西参与过昌迪加尔规划设计，这是印度西北部城市旁遮普的首府，而昌迪加尔现在则是旁遮普和哈里亚纳邦联合州的首府。他的认为是为政府工作人员设计工作生活空间。同时这让他为适用，且造价低廉的基础公共空间的设计产生兴趣。

3) Le Corbusier spoke to Doshi in broken English. But the Indian architect later recalled, “When you don’t know the language, the conversation becomes more visual and spatial.”
4) He got his unpaid job with Le Corbusier based on a non-traditional qualification: his handwriting. Doshi told the India Times in 2017 that he wasn’t asked to submit a portfolio, but “an application in my own handwriting.”
5) He first visited America on a Graham Foundation scholarship in 1959.
6) Doshi was significantly involved in the design of Chandigarh, the new state capital of Punjab (Chandigarh now serves as a joint state capital for Punjab and Haryana). He was tasked with designing the living spaces for the thousands of humble government servants. This gave way to his continued interest in producing the best, basic and low-cost communal spaces.

Balkrishna V. Doshi with students at School of Architecture, CEPT , Ahmedabad, c . 1970s.. Imagevia India: Modern Architectures in History by Peter Scriver, Amit Srivastava

7）在上个世纪60年代，多西创建了艾哈迈达巴德建筑学院并担任院长，从1972年该学院命名为环境规划与技术中心（CEPT），路易•康是那里早期的兼职教师。

7) In the 1960s Doshi opened The School of Architecture at Ahmedabad with an alternative curriculum, known from 1972 onwards as the Centre for Environmental Planning and Technology (CEPT). Louis Kahn served as an early adjunct faculty member!

Amdavad ni Gufa, Ahmedabad. Image © Laurian Ghinitoiu

8）多西作品的结构细部表达了承重墙体的广泛运用，这些厚实的墙体对于印度炎热的气候有着显著的隔热作用。

9）从1967年至1971年，他是国际团队TEAM10的成员。

10）多西、Moshe Safdie，以及伊朗建筑师Nader Ardalan、哈佛大学教授Josep Lluis Sert共同合作，编写了《Habitat Bill of Rights》，在1976年由伊朗政府在联合国人居署人居环境会议上发表，本次会议在温哥华召开。

8) A closer look at the structural aspect of some of Doshi’s work reveals a practical and widespread use of bearing walls—these thick walls serve as efficient thermal masses in India’s hot climate.
9) From 1967 - 1971 he was a member of the international collective Team 10.
10) Doshi collaborated with Moshe Safdie and Iranian architect Nader Ardalan and Harvard professor Josep Lluis Sert to write Habitat Bill of Rights, submitted by the Government of Iran at the UN Habitat on Human Settlements conference in Vancouver in 1976.

Sangath Architects Studio. Courtesy of VSF

11）他于1979年至1981年设计的桑珈工作室展示了多西将现代风格与印度传统元素相结合的思路，在该项目中，他运用了当地传统的可回收马赛克瓷砖。

11) The studio he designed in 1979 - 81 shows the progression of Doshi’s attempts to meld modern tendencies with traditional Indian methods. For Sangath he employed a local tradition of mosaics made of recycled ceramic tiles.

Amdavad ni Gufa, Ahmedabad. Image © Laurian Ghinitoiu

12）从2005年至2009年，多西担任普利兹克建筑奖的评审团成员。

12) Doshi served on the Pritzker jury from 2005 to 2009.

© Laurian Ghinitoiu

作品引用

Scriver、Peter以及 Amit Srivastava，印度，《Reaktion Books》（发表于2015年）

多西，《Ultimate Design Hero: Le Corbusier》，Elle Décor（发表于2017年12月至2018年1月）

Steele、James以及巴克里希纳•多西，《The Complete Architecture of Balkrishna Doshi: Rethinking Modernism for the Developing World》，Thames和 Hudson（发表于1998年）

Gehi、Reema，《偶然的建筑师》，Mumbai Mirror（发表于2017年12月25日）

Works Cited
Scriver, Peter, and Amit Srivastava. India. Reaktion Books, 2015.
Doshi, BV. “Ultimate Design Hero: Le Corbusier.” Elle Decor India, Dec. 2017- Jan. 2018.
Steele, James, and Balkrishna V. Doshi. The Complete Architecture of Balkrishna Doshi: Rethinking Modernism for the Developing World. Thames and Hudson, 1998.
Gehi, Reema. “An Architect By Chance.” Mumbai Mirror, 25 Dec. 2017, mumbaimirror.indiatimes.com/others/sunday-read/an-architect-by-chance/articleshow/62227310.cms.
Steele, James, and Balkrishna V. Doshi. The Complete Architecture of Balkrishna Doshi: Rethinking Modernism for the Developing World. Thames and Hudson, 1998.

Amdavad ni Gufa, Ahmedabad. Courtesy of VSF

The Centre for Environmental Planning and Technology (CEPT), Ahmedabad. Image © Laurian Ghinitoiu

Insurance Corporation Housing. Courtesy of VSF

Amdavad ni Gufa, Ahmedabad. Image © Laurian Ghinitoiu


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