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北冰洋上的水上环形酒店第1张图片

Snøhetta事务所出品:世界第一个占地面积最小的挪威能源型酒店
Snøhetta unveils plans for world’s first energy positive hotel with minimum footprint in Norway

由专筑网饭否,李韧编译

挪威建筑公司Snøhetta近期公布了循环型酒店的设计方案,该项目位于挪威的北极地区,具有极小的占地面积,该酒店将成为世界上第一座在北极圈内的能源型酒店。

该酒店名叫“Svart”,设计师与Arctic Adventure合作开发,该公司旨在成为挪威北部可持续旅游的先驱。“Svart”项目将建在斯瓦蒂森(Svartisen)山冰川脚下,该项目的名字直接来源于斯瓦蒂森山自然遗产,这里有着宝贵冰川和自然环境。Snøhetta事务所声明:“挪威语中‘Svart’代表着‘黑色’,直接表达了斯瓦蒂森冰川以及其中深蓝色的冰块。”

Norwegian architecture firm Snøhetta has unveiled plans for a new circular hotel, creating a minimum footprint on Norway's arctic land - the hotel will be the world's first energy positive hotel concept above the arctic circle.
Named Svart, the hotel concept is developed in collaboration with Arctic Adventure of Norway, a company aiming to become a pioneer of sustainable tourism in Northern Norway, Asplan Viak and Skanska,
The Svart will be built at the foot of the Svartisen glacier that runs through Meløy municipality in northern Norway and the project takes its name directly from the natural heritage of Svartisen, its precious glacier and its natural surroundings. "The name “Svart”, meaning "black" in Norwegian, is a direct tribute to the deep blue ice of Svartisen and the Svartisen name," stated Snøhetta.

北冰洋上的水上环形酒店第2张图片

建筑师补充说:“Snøhetta设计的新酒店相较于其他现代酒店不仅会减少它每年85%的能源消耗,而且它能够自给自足,这是北冰洋环境中珍贵的必需品。”

Svart建筑在同类能耗建筑中拥有着全球最北的地理特征。

“在这样一个宝贵的环境中建造建筑,建筑师有责任保护自然美景和场地的动植物。因此可持续发展的建筑很重要,让建筑对环境的影响降至最低。”Snøhetta事务所创始合伙人Kjetil Trædal Thorsen说。

“建设一座能源积极、自然影响力低的酒店是可持续旅游业发展的重要因素,人们尊重该地块独特的特点,即稀有植物物种、纯净的水域和斯瓦蒂森的蓝色冰川。”

酒店由一个圆形体量构成,从Almlifjellet山脚下的海岸线延伸到Holandsfjorden峡湾的清澈海水中。圆形的形状为使用者提供了峡湾的全景图像,以及与大自然亲近的生活体验。

Snøhetta's new hotel not only will reduce its yearly energy consumption by approximately 85% compared to a modern hotel, but it will also produce its own energy - an absolute “must” in this precious arctic environment, the architects added.
Conceived as the first of its kind to be built in compliance with the Powerhouse standard, the Svart will also become the world’s northernmost Powerhouse building.
"Building in such a precious environment comes with some clear obligations in terms of preserving the natural beauty and the fauna and flora of the site. It was important for us to design a sustainable building that will leave a minimal environmental footprint on this beautiful Northern nature," said Founding Partner at Snøhetta, Kjetil Trædal Thorsen.
"Building an energy positive and low-impact hotel is an essential factor to create a sustainable tourist destination respecting the unique features of the plot; the rare plant species, the clean waters and the blue ice of the Svartisen glacier."
The hotel is composed of a circular volume extending from the shoreline by the foot of the Almlifjellet mountain and into the clear waters of the Holandsfjorden fjord. The circular shape provides a panoramic view of the fjord and an experience of living in proximity with nature.

北冰洋上的水上环形酒店第3张图片

设计灵感来源于当地的本土建筑“Fiskehjell ”(一种为晾晒鱼的木质结构)和“Rorbue ”(一种渔民们使用的传统季节性房屋)的形状。Snøhetta事务所参考了Rorbue的结构类型,因此 酒店的支撑结构由在海湾表面以下几米的耐候性木杆建成。

结构从水中通过柱子向上延伸,确保建筑物在原始自然环境中实现最小的占地面积,并让Svart拥有几乎透明的外观。圆形的形状为使用者提供了峡湾的全景,以及与大自然亲近的生活体验。

该公司负责人说:“酒店的柱子可以支撑木板道,让游客在夏天漫步。在冬季,木板路可以用来存放船只和皮艇,减少了对车库和额外存储空间的需求。结构也有着足够的高度,人们甚至可以在酒店的主体下方划船。”

“人们可以乘坐船只进入酒店周围的珍贵自然环境,来自市区的游客也可以坐船来到这里。”

Inspired by local vernacular architecture in the form of the “fiskehjell” (A-shaped wooden structure for drying fish) and the “rorbue” (a traditional type of seasonal house used by fishermen), Snøhetta's reference for the rorbue translates into the hotel’s supporting structure which is built from weather resistant wooden poles stretching several meters below the surface of the fjord.
The structure is raised above from the water through poles, ensuring that the building physically places a minimal footprint in the pristine nature and gives the building an almost transparent appearance of “Svart”. The circular shape provides a panoramic view of the fjord and an experience of living in proximity with nature.
"The poles of the hotel double as a wooden boardwalk for visitors to stroll in the summer. In the winter, the boardwalk can be used to store boats and kayaks, reducing the need for garages and additional storage space. The height of structure also allows for paddlers to paddle under the hotel corpus," said the firm.
"The precious nature surrounding the hotel can only be accessed by boat and there are plans to introduce an energy neutral boat shuttle from the city of Bodø to the hotel."

北冰洋上的水上环形酒店第4张图片

为了达到Powerhouse标准,事务所使用了几种顶级设计方式。例如,建筑师们已经对全年的太阳辐射与山区环境的关系进行了细致的分析,以优化能源收获。

研究的结果是酒店圆形设计的重要前提。酒店客房、餐厅和露台都采用节能型布局方式,这样能够全天候地利用太阳的能量。酒店的屋顶覆盖着挪威太阳能电池板,采用干净的水力能源生产,进一步减少了碳足迹。

酒店设有僻静的露台,提供光影变化的同时确保隐私。外立面经过精心设计,能够有效避免夏季阳光直射,减少人工降温。

To achieve the Powerhouse standard, the studio uses several cutting-edge design choices. For example, the architects have conducted an extensive mapping of how solar radiation behaves in relation to mountainous context throughout the year to optimize the harvest of energy.
The result of the study has been an importance premise for the circular design of the hotel, and both hotel rooms, restaurants and terraces are strategically placed to exploit the Sun’s energy throughout the day and seasons. The hotel’s roof is clad with Norwegian solar panels produced with clean hydro energy reducing the carbon footprint even further.
The hotel comprises secluded terraces, providing a shadow play in the façade of the hotel while also ensuring privacy. The facades are carefully designed to protect against insolation from the sun in the summer when the sun is high in the sky, removing the need for artificial cooling.

北冰洋上的水上环形酒店第5张图片

“在冬季,当太阳高度角较低时,立面的大窗户可以最大限度地利用太阳的热能。”该公司负责人详细介绍说。

建筑师使用配有低隐含能量的特殊材料来达到Powerhouse标准。“在建筑材料的生产、运输、建造和更换的过程中,隐含能源材料都至关重要,通过化石燃料的采集,能够获得含量较高的隐含能源。”事务所负责人补充说。

建筑师的目标是通过在建筑和覆盖层中使用木材来减少建筑物对环境的影响,同时尽可能避免在建筑中添加结构钢和混凝土等能源密集型材料。

Powerhouse是由Snøhetta、Entra、Skanska、零排放资源组织(ZERO Emission Resource Organization)和Asplan Viak的共同合作的组织机构,有着多个住宅项目,其中包括挪威的第一个扩建房屋,也是世界上第一座修复房屋。

今天,Powerhouse组织正在Drøbak建设一所蒙台梭利学校,该校将于2018年2月开放。在特隆赫姆(Trondheim),Powerhouse合作伙伴Entra正在泰勒马克(Telemark)的Brattørkaia新建发电厂,而能源小屋也在建造中。

图片来源:Snøhetta/ Plompmozes

"During the winter months, when the sun is low in the sky, the large windows of the façade allow for a maximum of insolation to exploit the Sun’s natural thermal energy," detailed the firm.
The architects use special materials equipped with low embodied energy to reach the Powerhouse standard. "Embodied energy is the amount of energy that is required to produce, transport, build and replace materials and products that go into a building. Embodied energy is highest in materials produced with energy derived from fossil fuels," added the studio.
The architects aims to minimise the environmental impact of the building by using use wood in construction and cladding. They avoid adding typically energy-intensive materials such as structural steel and concrete as much as possible in construction.
Powerhouse is a collaboration between Snøhetta, Entra, Skanska, the ZERO Emission Resource Organization and Asplan Viak. Powerhouse is responsible for several plus house projects, including Norway’s first plus house, the world’s first rehabilitated plus house at Kjørbo in Sandvika, Norway.
Today, Powerhouse is building a Montessori school in Drøbak, which opens in February 2018. In Trondheim, Powerhouse partner Entra is building a new Powerhouses at Brattørkaia in Telemark, R8 is building Powerhouse Telemark.
All images © Snøhetta/Plompmozes


出处:本文译自worldarchitecture.org/,转载请注明出处。

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