这是模型？！这明明就是座真实的建筑啊-建筑|建模-专筑网

这是模型？！这明明就是座真实的建筑啊

2018-01-19 26768 Views iarch001

新闻, 建筑, 建模, 微观模型, 澳大利亚, Joshua Smith, 比例

© Andrew Beveridge / ASB Creative Instagram

微观建模：如何运用普通材料创建精致的迷你世界
Micro-Scale Modeling: How to Construct Tiny, Intricate Worlds From Ordinary Materials

由专筑网李韧，杨帆编译

Joshua Smith是澳大利亚南部的微观雕塑艺术家，以制作迷你建筑模型而闻名。其作品具有惊人的表现力，并且注重表现城市环境中那些被人所忽视的部分，例如污垢、废铁、丢弃物品、烟头以及涂鸦等，他制作的模型比例均为1:20。近十年来Joshua Smith一直致力于模具的研究与制作，至今已开展了16年的模具艺术事业。近期他将工作重心放在了模型的制作上。在采访中，Archdaily的记者问他：“你是如何制作这些模型的？”

Joshua Smith, a miniaturist and former stencil artist based in South Australia, constructs tiny, intricate worlds for a living. His work, which exhibits astonishing observational and representational skills, focuses on the "overlooked aspects of the urban environment – such as grime, rust and decay to discarded cigarettes and graffiti," all recreated at a scale of 1:20. Smith, who has been making model kits for around a decade, only recently chose to move away from a 16-year-long career creating stencil art. With his creative talents now focused on model-making, and all those skills which accompany the craft, ArchDaily asks: how do you do it?

© Andrew Beveridge / ASB Creative Instagram

AD：和我们聊聊你的建模过程吧！

JS：首先，我会通过谷歌街景地图来寻找我想要制作的建筑原型。我会在脑海里先将这些建筑场景拆分成各个部分，例如门窗、街道、配电箱等等。然后我会开始思考应当运用哪些材料来制作模型，例如，用瓦楞纸做门，用纤维板制作建筑底座。在建筑基础逐渐成形，并具有真实感后，我会开始布置电力系统和外部照明设置，在某些情况下，我还会添加照明传感器。

你的模型比例有多大？

我一般只制作1:20比例的模型，因为我发现这是一个最容易计算的数字。我经常会留出一些譬如门窗或砖等小型构件的地方，运用PS软件来绘制建筑的剩余部分。我主要运用的材料是用于制作基础的纤维板、制作窗框的1毫米纸板，还有一些细部构件则运用黑色卡纸来制作，包括制作玻璃窗户的0.25毫米塑料板。然后通过喷漆、丙烯涂料、蜡笔来营造出建筑的真实效果。

制作一个模型需要花费多长时间？创造一个模拟现实的迷你模型有多重要？

时间的长短取决于建筑的性质。小的或者不那么复杂的模型一般几天的时间就足够了。我做过最久的模型是九龙缩影，整整花费了3个月的时间，每天的工作时间大约有8到16个小时，每周需要工作6至7天。我会尽可能地让作品看上去真实一些，我需要很多参考照片，并且尽量模仿每个细节，例如铁锈、污垢痕迹等。我想让观众在看到模型照片时能够信以为真。

你想成为一名建筑师吗？

在大学时我考虑过这个问题，但那之后我好像对建筑师有一些误解，我认为建筑设计包含细致的结构设计，需要充分考虑各个细部该如何搭接，事实上我当时并不知道有结构工程师的存在。所以我选择了平面设计，我的多项艺术作品都被展出，但我现在更愿意为建筑公司制作模型。

AD: Take us through your modeling process!
JS: First of all I find the building I want to replicate, either in person or using Google Maps Street View. From there I start to reverse engineer the building and break it down into components (i.e. the doors, windows, street, electrical boxes and so on). I then start working out which materials I will be using to create each component from scratch. Corrugated card, for example, for roller doors; MDF for the base of the building. Once I have the base built I lay down a base coat of paint and start weathering it using brushes and chalk pastels. It's during this stage that the building starts to look real and from here I start adding the wiring and the electrics for interior and exterior lighting and, in some cases, sensor activated lighting.

What scale do you work in?
I almost only work in 1:20 as I find it easier to do the calculations to create the scale version of the builds. I usually go off one small aspect, such as a door or a brick, and using Adobe Photoshop I work out the scale for the rest of the building. In terms of the main materials I use: MDF for the base, 1mm-thick cardboard for window frames, black card for more detailed areas, and 0.25mm-thick plastic card for windows. I use spray paint, acrylic paint and chalk pastels for painting and weathering the building to create the realism.

How long does each artwork take to produce? How important is creating a perfect mimic of reality?
It depends on the build. The smallest and less complex ones can take from a day to a few days to complete. The longest build, which was my Kowloon Miniature, took three solid months working on average six to seven days a week and eight to sixteen hour-long days. I strive to create a reality. I take as many reference photos as possible to mimic every single streak of rust, grime and chipping of stonework. I want viewers to be fooled, if I take a photo of the completed work in sunlight, to think it is the real thing.

Have you ever considered becoming an Architect?
It was something I considered when I was thinking of going to University but, back then, I was mistakenly under the impression that as an Architect I would have to design buildings which didn't fall down (I didn't realise that was more the role of engineers!). So instead I chose to study Graphic Design. My miniatures are mainly for artworks to be exhibited but I am now looking to create architectural models for firms.