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集体的力量:山间珍宝|阿尔卑斯山小教堂第1张图片

Alpine Chapel Wirmboden / Innauer-Matt Architects

由专筑网李韧,韩平编译

来自建筑事务所的描述:奥地利西部的高山峡谷,人们仍然以游牧作为主要生活方式,在春暖花开的日子,村民们都在高山牧场放牧。这些较低的牧场被称为Vorsäß,较高的则被称为Alpe。

From the architect. In the Bregenzerwald, an alpine valley in Western Austria, transhumance is still the commonly practised form of farming: Livestock is driven to graze on mountain pastures in the warmer months. The lower ones of these pastures are called Vorsäß while the higher ones, used in the warmest summer months, are called Alpe.

集体的力量:山间珍宝|阿尔卑斯山小教堂第2张图片
© Adolf Bereuter

Wirmboden就是个典型的Vorsäß农场,位于Kanisfluh山的北坡脚下,由农民们自主管理。几乎每一个Vorsäß农场都拥有自己的小教堂,或者至少有指定的空间用于庆祝这里的传统节日,举行仪式。

Wirmboden is a Vorsäß at the foot of the steep north face of the valley’s Kanisfluh mountain, owned and managed by a collective of farmers. Almost every Vorsäß has its own little chapel or at least some designated space for the celebration of masses and the traditional consecration of the farmers and their livestock.

集体的力量:山间珍宝|阿尔卑斯山小教堂第3张图片
© Adolf Bereuter

32年来,在Wirmboden农场曾经有一个小教堂,但在2012年这座教堂和几间小木屋被雪崩摧毁。虽然从一开始这里的村民就清楚小教堂一定会重建,但对于新教堂的建造确实一项极具挑战性的任务。这个项目的客户是许许多多的村民,每个人都有自己的想法,因此困难并不在于建筑设计,而在于如何满足并协调村民们的不同意见,有时候,要找到一种让每个人都满意的方案几乎是个不可能的任务。

For 32 years there was a little chapel at Wirmboden, but in 2012, the chapel and several huts were destroyed by an avalanche. While it was clear from the beginning that the huts would be rebuilt, it was more challenging to find a consensus on the construction of a new chapel. With the client being a collective of farmers, each with their own, differing opinion, the difficulties were not so much of architectural but rather of interpersonal nature. Finding a solution that would make everyone happy seemed impossible in the beginning.

集体的力量:山间珍宝|阿尔卑斯山小教堂第4张图片
© Adolf Bereuter

集体的力量:山间珍宝|阿尔卑斯山小教堂第5张图片
© Adolf Bereuter

集体的力量:山间珍宝|阿尔卑斯山小教堂第6张图片
轴测图/Axonometric

于是我们现在看到的这座位于Wirmboden的小教堂也是这群想法各异人们的集体智慧的结晶。在过去三年的时间里他们一起谈判、构思、设计,最终建造了这座小教堂,平均每平方米所消耗的时间是6个月。今天,这座山顶教堂很自然地成为人们聚会的地方,村民这里举行集会和庆祝活动,他们也常常在这里祷告。

So what we see now at Wirmboden is a symbol for the collective spirit of this very diverse group of people. It was them who negotiated, conceived, planned, and eventually built this chapel over the course of three years – that’s 6 months for every square meter of floor space in the building. Today, the mountain chapel complements the ensemble of alpine huts most naturally; it became the place where neighbours meet casually, where gatherings and celebrations are held, where people come to take a moment and pray.

集体的力量:山间珍宝|阿尔卑斯山小教堂第7张图片
© Adolf Bereuter

新教堂简单、基本的轮廓传承了最原始宗教建筑的形态,当地的村民以这样的方式突出了场所的特点与功能,根据传统风格,建筑的墙体由当地的石头与混凝土构成。

The simple, basic outline of the new chapel refers to the most original form of sacred buildings and highlights the characteristics of this special place and its use. According to tradition, the walls are made from stones collected around the place and tamped concrete.

集体的力量:山间珍宝|阿尔卑斯山小教堂第8张图片
细节/Constructive detail

集体的力量:山间珍宝|阿尔卑斯山小教堂第9张图片
© Adolf Bereuter

粗裂瓦覆盖在陡峭的桁架上,一个狭窄的木质入口通向演讲台。

Rough split shingles cover the steep truss, and a narrow wooden entry leads into the small oratory.

集体的力量:山间珍宝|阿尔卑斯山小教堂第10张图片
© Adolf Bereuter

教堂内部朴素无华,甚至让人觉得有点简陋,因此,也比较适合作为悼念和忏悔的场所。弥漫的日光透过屋顶脊梁上的开口洒进室内,营造出空灵、沉思的氛围。纪念照片卡放在椽子,用于纪念当地的爱人。入口上方的桁架由德国云杉(有时称为褐色云杉)制成,这是一种通常用于制作特殊声学产品的木材。

由于当地每一位村民的积极参与,新教堂的建设基本没有需要第三方团体的任何帮助。每个人的参与使一开始根本不可能实现的任务成为了现实——几乎所有人都对结果感到满意,他们将这个建筑称为“山间珍宝”。

With its simple and humble interior, the chapel is first and foremost a place of commemoration and reflection. Diffuse daylight falls through an opening in the roof ridge in blasted stainless steel to play with the light blue altar window, creating an ethereal, contemplative atmosphere. Memorial photo cards are placed in the narrow spaces between rafters, commemorating loved ones of the Wirmboden people. Entrance, truss and the bell space above the entrance are made from German spruce (sometimes called hazel spruce), a type of wood that is normally used for violins and guitars for its special acoustic qualities.
Thanks to practical contributions by almost every single member of the Wirmboden collective, the new chapel was built without any help from third parties. Everyone’s participation made possible what seemed impossible in the beginning - making (almost) everyone happy with the result: A gem in the mountains.

集体的力量:山间珍宝|阿尔卑斯山小教堂第11张图片
© Adolf Bereuter

集体的力量:山间珍宝|阿尔卑斯山小教堂第12张图片
© Adolf Bereuter

集体的力量:山间珍宝|阿尔卑斯山小教堂第13张图片
© Adolf Bereuter

集体的力量:山间珍宝|阿尔卑斯山小教堂第14张图片
场地平面图/Site plan

集体的力量:山间珍宝|阿尔卑斯山小教堂第15张图片
立面图/Elevation

集体的力量:山间珍宝|阿尔卑斯山小教堂第16张图片
剖面图/Sections

建筑设计:Innauer-Matt Architects
地点:奥地利
面积:6平方米
项目时间:2016年
摄影:Adolf Bereuter
静态学:Merz Kley Partner
施工监理:Karlheinz Gasser

Architects:Innauer-Matt Architects
Location:6882 Schnepfau, Austria
Area:6.0 m2
Project Year:2016
Photographs:Adolf Bereuter
Statics:Merz Kley Partner
Construction Supervision:Karlheinz Gasser
            

出处:本文译自www.archdaily.com/,转载请注明出处。

        
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