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House on the House

由专筑网刘政和,杨帆编译

位于金陵东路389巷23号,本期梦想改造家的塔式住宅项目原本是一个建于1920年并于1980年重建的水塔。它总面积为39平方米,两层之间由阶梯相连,被厨房占据。房子已经处于失修状态,并且几乎要坍塌了。

Located on the top level of no. 23 at 389 Lane, East Jinling Road, the Dream Reformer's Tower House was originally a water tower constructed in the 1920s and rebuilt in the 1980s. It had a total area of 39m2 and two floors connected by a ladder, which was occupied by the kitchen. The house had been in such a bad state of disrepair that it almost seemed a ruin.

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Diagram/分析图

建筑师认为这个塔楼是一个困在旧建筑结构内的新房子,是有着复杂空间的系统。出于对六户业主的人体工程学模块系统的考虑,设计师重新设计了内部的功能空间,保证其经济性和舒适性。设计师驳回了所谓方便的 “变形金刚”式的方法,而是试图将每个设计简化为单一的功能;当连接在一起时,这些构建就会产生奇异的变化。

The architect regarded the Tower House as a spatially complex system consisting of a new house stuck in the old structure. Based on the ergonomic module system of the six homeowners, the designer reorganized the functional layout of the interior, striving to create new spaces with maximum economy and comfort. The designer dismissed the idea of a supposedly convenient, "Transformers"-inspired approach, but instead tried to simplify every design to serve a single functional purpose; when joined together, such singularities would constitute variety.

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© HU Yijie

首先,建筑形体需要体现内部的功能。结合业主的需求,设计师想出了超过140个设计要点。具体地说,他避免以假借造型美观的名义而违背业主的意愿。其次是空间多样性:利用L形的楼梯,设计师使空间和本土叙事风格在七个不同的层面上展开。他故意抛弃统一的视觉控制和所谓的建筑逻辑,而是在不同的节点上创造不同的场景,形成一轮轮的高潮。这种戏剧性的情况是来自于对业主的采访。最终,建筑可以适应不同业主的生活,并提供了新的可能性。虽然建筑很小,但这个复杂的综合体可以保持更持久的生命周期。

The interior variety is first embodied in functional aspects. Combining the owners' requirements with unexpected details developed from them, the designer came up with a wish-list program of more than 140 items. Specifically, he avoided infringing upon the owners' wishes by the excuse of his own aesthetics. Next comes spatial variety: taking advantage of the L-shaped staircase, the designer allows a spatial and local narrative to unfold on seven different levels. He deliberately discards uniform visual control and the so-called architectural logic, but instead creates dramatic scenarios on various nodes, forming rounds of climaxes. Rather than being fabricated, such dramatic scenarios are derived from interviews with the owners. Finally there is variety in the owners' life, as well as in the new possibilities that the complex system provided by the designer would stimulate him to develop. Though small, this complex system may expect to have a more enduring lifecycle guaranteed by variety and certain self-organization.  

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Section/剖面图

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Diagram/分析图

该项目模糊了对边界的定义。由于其制高点是在旧街道伤,每个窗口都能将外部景观引入室内。精心设计的天窗、枫叶墙和孩子房间的墙画打破了明确的气候边界。这种不确定性最终体现在院子里,院子被设计为一个垂直花园。因此,建筑内部这个复杂的系统更像是一个复杂的世界,而不是一个普通的建筑内部。

The complex system has a blurry boundary, and, due to its commanding height in the old neighborhood, each window presents a borrowed view to the interior. Carefully devised skylights, deliberately treated maple-leaf wall and the kid's room with painted walls break the definite climate boundary. Such indefiniteness is ultimately embodied in the patio that is conceived as a vertical garden, and in the flexible climate boundary formed by the facade. As a result, the interior of this complex system is more like a sophisticated world rather than an ordinary architectural interior.

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© HU Yijie

不过,建筑设计受到规范的限制。根据行政部门的规定,塔楼的外部轮廓不宜变动。这些设计规范使设计师需要去仔细翻新外墙、庭院、屋顶、重新组织排水系统和整个房子的绘制。另一方面,设计师主动免费对外部庭院和阁楼外立面进行设计。新建筑巧妙地隐藏在建筑外立面内,使外立面和室内空间似乎有两个设计逻辑。而事实上,他们的设计逻辑都来源于旧建筑交织的结构。除了基本的居住功能,设计师探索更多的可能来争取设计超出业主的期望,如孩子的房间、交往的空间等。改造提供了愉快舒适的空间。

Still, this complex system is subject to regulations in terms of the boundary between itself and the community outside. According to the suggestions of the administrative department, no alterations should be made to the external profiles of the Tower House. Following these profiles, the designer carefully renovated the exterior walls, patio and roof, reorganized the drainage system and painted the whole house together with the rooms downstairs. On the other hand, the designer was free to redesign externally inaccessible areas such as the interior elevation of the patio and the attic facade. They are skillfully concealed in the second layer behind the renovated profiles, making the exterior elevation and the interior space appear to have two design logics, when in fact they are but different aesthetic variations of the same design logic derived from the old building's intertwined structure. Apart from basic functions for living, the design explored more uses that are beyond the owner's expectation, such as the kid's room, the exterior-like communicational space, etc. The renovation features comfortable spaces with pleasant scale.

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© HU Yijie

塔楼小而复杂的系统形成了一种对于其他未翻新住宅的回应,而重新粉刷的塔楼则是对整个社区的回应。由于建筑师坚持只能对城市界面进行轻微的改变,在重新定义水塔、社区和城市之间的关系后,这些完工的改造项目仍未被居民所察觉。

对于屋顶来说,原定的所有设计目标都达到了。最终,建筑形成了一个漂浮在大片红屋顶之上的银色屋顶,它大大改进了建筑对于这个老社区的负面影响。从建筑的外观来看,翻新建筑其本身就形成了一个靓丽的风景。

The small, complex system of the Tower House forms a response to the other un-renovated households in the water tower, while the repainted tower in its turn forms a response to the whole neighborhood. As the architect insists on a light intervention with the urban interface, the completed work of renovation remains unperceived by the residents after having redefined the relationship between the house, the water tower, the neighborhood and the city.
All the deliberately reserved design ambition is ultimately fulfilled in the roof plan, a surrealist scene of a silver roof floating above a sea of red roofs, which greatly transformed the negative impact of this old neighborhood. A tower house within the view, the renovated building constitutes a view in its own right.

宅上宅/ Wutopia Lab建筑事务所第8张图片
© HU Yijie

由上海东方电视台制作的新一季《梦想改造家》的改造项目是金陵东路的一处旧式里弄里孤独矗立着的一座水塔住宅。最早的塔楼是一个用于存水的约4m见方的筒子楼。水塔下部作为居民住房。文革之后,为改善民生,塔楼被改造成为一座民用住房。底层加建柱子并使上部楼层往南扩建。此后8根立柱撑起上方四层空间,每一层是一户独立人家。塔楼有一户住户是祖孙三人,改造后他们最大的心愿就是儿子儿媳也能同住于此。39㎡的空间承纳着一家人衣、食、住、行的所有内容。

The new episode Dream Home Renovation (season two) produced by Shanghai Oriental TV Station is a renovation project of a residential water tower on East Jinling Rd. The tower used to be a tube-like building for storing water, with elevations no wider than 4 meter. Under the tower is the main channel for the residents of the housing estate. After the Cultural Revolution, the tower is transformed into a civilian house to improve the residents’ livelihood. Columns are built up on the ground floor so that the upper floors can be extended southward. Since then, the eight columns have supported the four families living above, each family occupying a floor.
In the water tower home lived the grandparents and their granddaughter. Their biggest hope is that the son and daughter-in-law can also live here after the renovation. Clothing, living, food and transportation, all basic necessities are contained in this 39-square-meter-space.

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© HU Yijie

设计师在原有的两层空间中增加了一个夹层,看似挤压了原有空间,但这种错层设计实际疏远了各个不同功能的房间,延长了各个空间的距离。

“挤压”,即错层的建立,将原本聚集在一起而没有隐私的空间打散成一个个独立的空间。每个房间的私密性得到了保证。但这还不够,建筑师希望在不同房间之间“跋涉”的过程中,能产生室内外空间交替的感觉,并对此强化了设计。比如楼道中的红枫叶墙,结合红枫叶墙设计的天窗,天窗下正对的鱼缸以及儿童房的凸窗都让人感觉你并不是居住在一个密闭的室内,而是居住在由室外环境串联起的一个个小的房屋里面。

The architect added a mezzanine to the original two floors. Seemingly the space is squeezed, but because of the split level, rooms with different function actually become alienated, creating longer “journey” between each space.
“Squeeze”, namely the establishment of the split level, breaks the original gathered space into scattered individual space, Meanwhile, privacy is guaranteed in each individual space. But this is not enough, the architect wants to create “journey” between different rooms, and enhance the experience of the transaction between “indoor” and “outdoor” space within the house. For example, the corridor with red maple leaf wall, is a combination of the interior façade design with skylight facing the aquarium and bay window of the children’s room. It produces a sense of living in a series of small houses connected by outdoor environment, instead of living in a closed chamber.

宅上宅/ Wutopia Lab建筑事务所第10张图片
© HU Yijie

户主曾经想在坡屋顶增加一个屋顶花园。出于安全和未来不确定因素的考虑,最终他看到的是一个在阳台上的垂直花园。外立面适当的改建也是设计师态度的一种体现,即便是改变一个微小的个体,也要作出对负面城市空间的一种积极回应。

The owner wanted to have a roof garden on the sloped roof. However a vertical garden was placed on the balcony instead, considering the safety problem and uncertainty of the future. The proper reconstruction of the outer facade is also a kind of attitude of the designer. Even if it is to change a small individual, a positive response is still necessary for the negative urban space.

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© HU Yijie

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© HU Yijie

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© HU Yijie

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© HU Yijie

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Plan/平面图

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Diagram/分析图

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Diagram/分析图

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Diagram/分析图

•        建筑设计:Wutopia Lab
•        地点:中国,上海
•        主建筑师:YU Ting
•        设计团队:XIA Murong, GE Yufei, WANG Suyu, LIU Qicai, YU Junfeng
•        建筑面积:39㎡
•        项目时间:2015年
•        摄影:HU Yijie
•        工程总承包:PSA Associate

•        Architects:Wutopia Lab
•        Location: Shanghai, Shanghai, China
•        Architect in Charge: YU Ting
•        Design Team: XIA Murong, GE Yufei, WANG Suyu, LIU Qicai, YU Junfeng
•        Area: 39.0 sqm
•        Project Year: 2015
•        Photographs: HU Yijie
•        EPC: PSA Associate


出处:本文译自www.archdaily.com/,转载请注明出处。


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