建筑师：IND
地点：西班牙，休达
建筑师负责人： Felix Madrazo + Arman Akdogan
设计团队： Beatriz Zorzo Talavera, Angela Martinez Lago, Alvaro Novas Filgueira, Meritxell Rovira Pueyo, Elena Chevtchenko, Jose Manuel Franco, Michal Gdak, Melissa Vargas, Emin Balkis, Marta Koziol, Jorrit Sipkes, Inge Goudsmit, Harm Scholtens.
面积：22000.0平方米
年份：2011年
摄影：Fernando Alda
•        西班牙，休达，IND（Inter National Design），住宅类
场地指导：Alberto Weil Rus, Felix Madrazo, Manuel Perez Marin, Sanjay Prem
结构：Valladares Ingenieria
承包商：Acciona Infraestructuras
Architects: IND
Location: Ceuta, Spain
Architects In Charge: Felix Madrazo + Arman Akdogan
Design Team: Beatriz Zorzo Talavera, Angela Martinez Lago, Alvaro Novas Filgueira, Meritxell Rovira Pueyo, Elena Chevtchenko, Jose Manuel Franco, Michal Gdak, Melissa Vargas, Emin Balkis, Marta Koziol, Jorrit Sipkes, Inge Goudsmit, Harm Scholtens.
Area: 22000.0 sqm
Year: 2011
Photographs: Fernando Alda
•        Housing ResidentialSelected Works Ceuta IND Spain
Direction: Alberto Weil Rus, Felix Madrazo, Manuel Perez Marin, Sanjay Prem
Structures: Valladares Ingenieria
Contractor: Acciona Infraestructuras

来自建筑师的描述。精英社会房屋国际比赛（Vanguard Social Housing ，VIVA）由西班牙住房部（Spanish Ministry of Housing）组织，该比赛强调新建筑与在“我们创建城市” 口号下的城市环境的关系。该比赛的服务对象为弱势公民，比赛多为社会住房项目，因此预算较紧张。我们决定利用建筑场地的复杂性和丰富性，以应对紧张的预算。休达位于非洲大陆的西北端，也是欧洲的一块飞地。如果位于休达的比赛场地，你会发现摩洛哥的边界就在一千米以内。从这个意义上讲，该地位于欧洲和非洲的前沿。若你在当地，你不会觉得你在西班牙城市，也不会觉得在摩洛哥城市，此处有最好的混杂景观，在一定程度上，你会感觉十分独特。该地在100米内面对着欧洲或许最大的非正式居住地，名为Barriada Principe Alfonso。该居住地的特点在于该地有数以百计的自建建构，公共空间十分少，多为阿拉伯移民居住。这些住房的特点是规模小、重量大、立方体外型、迷宫式的街道模式和私人露台的集约利用。一旦你在现场，从附近的清真寺传来的祈祷声，会让你意识到这不是经典的边缘社会住宅场地。此地是文化和环境美丽的聚集地，或许在一般人看来，此地是构建城市的两种方式之间一个相当残酷的战场。最后，比赛场地可以欣赏到地中海的美景，这使得社会住房具有了别具一格的特色。比赛要求在预算范围内设计一个明确可行的计划，并像大多数的社会住房所需要的一样，开放楼区。这是对于此特定条件的正确回答吗？
From the architect. The international competition on Vanguard Social Housing (VIVA) organized by the Spanish Ministry of Housing placed a high emphasis on the relationship of the new architecture with the urban environment under the slogan ‘We Make City’. Addressed to disadvantaged citizens and -as expected in most social housing projects- it had a tight budget. We decided to confront the tightness of the budget by taking advantage of the richness of the site complexity. Ceuta is in the north-western tip of the African continent and yet it is a European enclave, if you zoom in into the competition site within Ceuta you find the border of Morocco within 1km. The site in that sense at in the frontier of Europe and Africa, yet once you are in the site you don’t feel you are in a Spanish city, nor in a Moroccan, it is at best a hybrid landscape and to an extent it feels unique in this regard. Within 100 meters the site faces perhaps the biggest informal settlement of Europe called Barriada Principe Alfonso, a settlement characterized by hundreds of self built structures mostly inhabited by Arab immigrants characterized by their small scale, massiveness, cubic forms, labyrinth street patterns and intensive use of private terraces as public spaces are scarce. Once you are in the site the sounds of the call for prayer from nearby mosques makes you realize this is not your classical peripheral social housing plot. It is an intense and beautiful merging ground of cultures and environments, or perhaps to an untrained eye a rather brutal battleground between two ways of making a city. Finally the competition site also plays an unusual feature for social housing, with great views to the Mediterranean Sea. The competition asked for a clearly feasible scheme within the budget and restricted its typology to open block (slabs) as expected in most social housing schemes. Was this the right answer for this specific condition?

由于比赛的第一阶段要求设计一个容纳950个单元的城市规划，因此我们努力避免设计，而更多地趋向于一种体系或模式，以此方式继续探索1969年克里斯托弗•亚历山大（Christopher Alexander）设计的利马（Lima）PREVI项目的空间系统。但是，我们的模式仅限于建筑和空间元素。该设计被称为“Vivienda de Patron”，力求探寻一种能够构建欧洲城市化和周围阿拉伯非正式聚集地之间联系的建筑方式，同时寻找一种融合两种构建方式的空间系统的模式。因此，它既要是迷宫结构，又要是网格结构；既要具有小规模的居住单元，又要结合大型的基础设施，如停车场和存储底室；既要有私人使用的个人露台，又要有公共使用的露天广场；既要有私人街道，又要有城市街角小商店。我们的目标是摆脱社会或经济背景，建造对于任何公民足够舒适和具有吸引力的宽敞建筑。大多数公寓都有屋角客厅，所有公寓均可享受各楼区间远景，拥有诸如大理石地面在内的在社会住房中很少使用的建筑材料，还具有其他切实利益，如所有单元均可使用的有蓬停车场和储藏室。
Since the competition first phase asked for an urban plan for 950 units we focus our efforts away from design and more towards a system or a pattern, in a way continuing the explorations of spatial systems initiated by Christopher Alexander in the PREVI project of Lima from 1969. But we restricted our patterns to architecture and spatial elements only. The design called ‘Vivienda de Patron’ seeks to find an answer for a type of architecture that could be a link between the European urbanism and the Arab informal settlement in the surroundings, a pattern that combines and merges the spatial systems of both ways of making. Therefore it is both a labyrinth and a grid, it has a small scale in its units but it is also combined with a mega plinth for infrastructure such as parking and storage, it uses intimate terraces for private and common use with open squares, intimate streets and urban corner shops.The target is to build architecture generous enough to be attractive and comfortable for ANY citizen regardless of its social or economic background. Most of the apartments have corner living rooms, all have long views between blocks, materials seldom used for social housing such as marble flooring, and other practical benefits such as covered parking places and storage for all units.

你愿意住在那里吗？比赛期间，我们多次放弃一些看起来很具有吸引力的设计，因为我们无法以肯定的语气回答这一问题：你愿意住在那里吗？因此，模式化的住房也是一个双关语，或一个隐性的笑话，而不是为穷人设计的住房。我们设计的赞助商想住的生活空间。
And you would live there? Many times during the competition we discarded schemes that look formally attractive because we could not answer with a yes to the question: would you live there? Therefore Pattern Housing is also a pun, or an inside joke where instead of designing housing for the poor, we design a living space where the PATRON would like to live.

Site Plan 场地平面图

Floor Plan 楼层平面图

Section 截面图

Detail 细节图

Diagram 图解

     特别鸣谢翻译一组10号 张晓丽 提供的翻译，译稿版权归译者所有，转载请注出明处。